< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zijati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms
  • *zьjati

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źiā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂i-éh₂-yeti (“to gape, be wide open”), ultimately from *ǵʰeh₂-. Cognates include Lithuanian žióti, Latin hiō, Ancient Greek χάσκω (kháskō), Tocharian A śew, Tocharian B kāyā, Sanskrit विजिहीते (vijihīte), and Proto-Germanic *gīnaną, *ganōną (English yawn).[1]

Verb

*zijati

  1. to gape, to be wide open

Inflection
Conjugation of *zijati, *zija, *zějetь (?, -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*zijanьje *zijati *zijatъ *zijalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *zijanъ *zějemъ
Active *zijavъ *zěję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *zijaxъ*zija*zija *zějǫ*zěješi*zějetь
Dual *zijaxově*zijasta*zijaste *zějevě*zějeta*zějete
Plural *zijaxomъ*zijaste*zijašę *zějemъ*zějete*zějǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *zijaaxъ*zijaaše*zijaaše —*zěji*zěji
Dual *zijaaxově*zijaašeta*zijaašete *zějivě*zějita—
Plural *zijaaxomъ*zijaašete*zijaaxǫ *zějimъ*zějite—
Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₂-‎ (0 c, 13 e)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: зиꙗти (zijati)
      • Old Ruthenian: зїꙗти (zijati)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: зия́ти (zyjáty)
        • Ukrainian: зя́яти (zjájaty), зія́ти (zijáty); зя́ти (zjáty) (dialectal)
      • Russian: зия́ть (zijátʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: зиꙗти (zijati)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: зијати
      Latin: zjȁti
    • Slovene: zijáti, zȋjati (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: zieti
      • Czech: zet (literary), zát (obsolete)
    • Polish: ziać (“exhale”)

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 544
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зиять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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