< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zěvati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Cognates include Lithuanian žióvauti, Latvian žàvât, Old High German giwēn, gewōn. See *zijati for more cognates.

Verb

zěvàti

  1. to yawn

Inflection
Conjugation of *zěvati, *zěva, *zěvajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*zěvanьje *zěvati *zěvatъ *zěvalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *zěvanъ *zěvajemъ
Active *zěvavъ *zěvaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *zěvaxъ*zěva*zěva *zěvajǫ*zěvaješi*zěvajetь
Dual *zěvaxově*zěvasta*zěvaste *zěvajevě*zěvajeta*zěvajete
Plural *zěvaxomъ*zěvaste*zěvašę *zěvajemъ*zěvajete*zěvajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *zěvaaxъ*zěvaaše*zěvaaše —*zěvaji*zěvaji
Dual *zěvaaxově*zěvaašeta*zěvaašete *zěvajivě*zěvajita—
Plural *zěvaaxomъ*zěvaašete*zěvaaxǫ *zěvajimъ*zěvajite—
Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₂-‎ (0 c, 13 e)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: зѣвати (zěvati)
      • Old Ruthenian: зѣва́ти (zěváti)
        • Belarusian: зява́ць (zjavácʹ)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: зїва́ти (zjiváty)
        • Ukrainian: зіва́ти (ziváty)
      • Russian: зева́ть (zevátʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: зѣвати (zěvati)
      • ⇒ Bulgarian: прозя̀вам (prozjàvam)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: зѐвати
      Latin: zèvati
    • Slovene: zẹ́vati (tonal orthography), 1sg. zẹ́vam (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Kashubian: zewiac
    • Old Czech: zievati
    • Old Polish: dziewać, ziewać
    • Polabian: *zevăt (attested in 3sg. "zevă" or "zevĕ")
    • Slovak: zívať
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: zywać

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 542
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зевать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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