< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xvorъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *swor-o-, from *swer- (“to ache, fester”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xᵛara, “wound”), Old High German swero (“pain, ulcer”).
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *xvorъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xvorъ | *xvora | *xvoro |
| genitive | *xvora | *xvory | *xvora |
| dative | *xvoru | *xvorě | *xvoru |
| accusative | *xvorъ | *xvorǫ | *xvoro |
| instrumental | *xvoromь | *xvorojǫ | *xvoromь |
| locative | *xvorě | *xvorě | *xvorě |
| vocative | *xvore | *xvoro | *xvoro |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xvora | *xvorě | *xvorě |
| genitive | *xvoru | *xvoru | *xvoru |
| dative | *xvoroma | *xvorama | *xvoroma |
| accusative | *xvora | *xvorě | *xvorě |
| instrumental | *xvoroma | *xvorama | *xvoroma |
| locative | *xvoru | *xvoru | *xvoru |
| vocative | *xvora | *xvorě | *xvorě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xvori | *xvory | *xvora |
| genitive | *xvorъ | *xvorъ | *xvorъ |
| dative | *xvoromъ | *xvoramъ | *xvoromъ |
| accusative | *xvory | *xvory | *xvora |
| instrumental | *xvory | *xvorami | *xvory |
| locative | *xvorěxъ | *xvoraxъ | *xvorěxъ |
| vocative | *xvori | *xvory | *xvora |
Definite declension of *xvorъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *xvorъjь | *xvoraja | *xvoroje |
| genitive | *xvorajego | *xvoryję̇ | *xvorajego |
| dative | *xvorujemu | *xvorěji | *xvorujemu |
| accusative | *xvorъjь | *xvorǫjǫ | *xvoroje |
| instrumental | *xvoryjimь | *xvorǫjǫ | *xvoryjimь |
| locative | *xvorějemь | *xvorěji | *xvorějemь |
| vocative | *xvorъjь | *xvoraja | *xvoroje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xvoraja | *xvorěji | *xvorěji |
| genitive | *xvoruju | *xvoruju | *xvoruju |
| dative | *xvoryjima | *xvoryjima | *xvoryjima |
| accusative | *xvoraja | *xvorěji | *xvorěji |
| instrumental | *xvoryjima | *xvoryjima | *xvoryjima |
| locative | *xvoruju | *xvoruju | *xvoruju |
| vocative | *xvoraja | *xvorěji | *xvorěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *xvoriji | *xvoryję̇ | *xvoraja |
| genitive | *xvorъjixъ | *xvorъjixъ | *xvorъjixъ |
| dative | *xvoryjimъ | *xvoryjimъ | *xvoryjimъ |
| accusative | *xvoryję̇ | *xvoryję̇ | *xvoraja |
| instrumental | *xvoryjimi | *xvoryjimi | *xvoryjimi |
| locative | *xvoryjixъ | *xvoryjixъ | *xvoryjixъ |
| vocative | *xvoriji | *xvoryję̇ | *xvoraja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Church Slavonic: хворъ (xvorŭ)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 206
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хво́рый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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