< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrbati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *serbati, *sъrbati
Etymology
Derived from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip, gulp, suck”). Akin to Latvian strēbt, surbt and Lithuanian srė̃bti, sur̃bti.
Inflection
Conjugation of *sьrbati, *sьrba, *sьrbajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sьrbanьje | *sьrbati | *sьrbatъ | *sьrbalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *sьrbanъ | *sьrbajemъ |
| Active | *sьrbavъ | *sьrbaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sьrbaxъ | *sьrba | *sьrba | *sьrbajǫ | *sьrbaješi | *sьrbajetь |
| Dual | *sьrbaxově | *sьrbasta | *sьrbaste | *sьrbajevě | *sьrbajeta | *sьrbajete |
| Plural | *sьrbaxomъ | *sьrbaste | *sьrbašę | *sьrbajemъ | *sьrbajete | *sьrbajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sьrbaaxъ | *sьrbaaše | *sьrbaaše | — | *sьrbaji | *sьrbaji |
| Dual | *sьrbaaxově | *sьrbaašeta | *sьrbaašete | *sьrbajivě | *sьrbajita | — |
| Plural | *sьrbaaxomъ | *sьrbaašete | *sьrbaaxǫ | *sьrbajimъ | *sьrbajite | — |
Conjugation of *sьrbati, *sьrba, *sьrbľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sьrbanьje | *sьrbati | *sьrbatъ | *sьrbalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *sьrbanъ | *sьrbľemъ |
| Active | *sьrbavъ | *sьrbľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sьrbaxъ | *sьrba | *sьrba | *sьrbľǫ | *sьrbľeši | *sьrbľetь |
| Dual | *sьrbaxově | *sьrbasta | *sьrbaste | *sьrbľevě | *sьrbľeta | *sьrbľete |
| Plural | *sьrbaxomъ | *sьrbaste | *sьrbašę | *sьrbľemъ | *sьrbľete | *sьrbľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sьrbaaxъ | *sьrbaaše | *sьrbaaše | — | *sьrbľi | *sьrbľi |
| Dual | *sьrbaaxově | *sьrbaašeta | *sьrbaašete | *sьrbľivě | *sьrbľita | — |
| Plural | *sьrbaaxomъ | *sьrbaašete | *sьrbaaxǫ | *sьrbľimъ | *sьrbľite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: серебати (serebati)
- Belarusian: сёрбаць (sjórbacʹ), сярба́ць (sjarbácʹ), серба́ць (sjerbácʹ)
- Russian: серба́ть (serbátʹ), сёрбать (sjórbatʹ), стерба́т (sterbát) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: сьо́рба́ти (sʹórbáty), серба́ти (serbáty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сръбати (srŭbati)
- Bulgarian: съ́рбам (sǎ́rbam)
- Macedonian: срба (srba)
- Serbo-Croatian: srȅbati
- Slovene: sŕbati, srẹ́bati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “серба́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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