Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěmę

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sḗˀmen, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₁mn̥. Cognates include Lithuanian sė́muo and Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌸𐍃 (manasēþs, “human flock, literally: human seed”).

Noun

*sě̀mę n

seed

Declension

Declension of *sě̀mę (n-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sě̀mę	*sě̀meni	*sě̀menā
genitive	*sě̀mene	*sě̀menu	*sě̀menъ
dative	*sě̀meni	*sě̀menьma	*sě̀menьmъ
accusative	*sě̀mę	*sě̀meni	*sě̀menā
instrumental	*sě̀menьmь	*sě̀menьma	*sě̀menȳ
locative	*sě̀mene	*sě̀menu	*sě̀menьxъ
vocative	*sě̀mę	*sě̀meni	*sě̀menā

Derived terms

*sěmenitъ (“prolific, copious”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣмѧ (sěmę)
  - Old Ruthenian: сѣмѧ (sěmja), сѣмє (sěmje)
    - Belarusian: се́мя (sjémja)
    - Ukrainian: сі́м'я (símʺja)
  - Russian: се́мя (sémja)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱑⰿⱔ (sěmę)
  
  Old Cyrillic script: сѣмѧ (sěmę)
  - Bulgarian: се́ме (séme)
  - Macedonian: семе (seme)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се̏ме
  
  Latin script: sȅme
  - Chakavian Serbo-Croatian: sȉme
  - Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: sȅma
- Slovene: sẹ́me (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: semiã
- Old Czech: siemě
  - Czech: semeno
- Polabian: semą
- Polish: siemię
- Slovak: semeno
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: semje
  - Upper Sorbian: symjo

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