Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pivo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *pìti (“to drink”) +‎ *-ivo.

Noun

*pȋvo n[1]

beverage
Synonyms: *napojь, *napitъkъ, *pitьje
1. → beer
  Synonym: *olъ

Inflection

Declension of *pȋvo (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pȋvo	*pȋvě	*pivà
genitive	*pȋva	*pivù	*pĩvъ
dative	*pȋvu	*pivomà	*pivòmъ
accusative	*pȋvo	*pȋvě	*pivà
instrumental	pȋvъmь, pȋvomь^*	*pivomà	*pivý
locative	*pȋvě	*pivù	*pivě̃xъ
vocative	*pivo	*pȋvě	*pivà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

nouns

*pivьnica f (“alehouse”)

adjective

*pivьnъ (“of beverage”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: пиво (pivo)
  - Old Ruthenian: пи́во (pívo)
    - Belarusian: пі́ва (píva)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: пи́во (pývo)
    - Ukrainian: пи́во (pývo)
  - Russian: пи́во (pívo)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: пиво (pivo)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱂⰻⰲⱁ (pivo)
- Bulgarian: пи́во (pívo)
- Macedonian: пи́во (pívo)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пи̑во
  
  Latin script: pȋvo
- Slovene: pívo (“beverage”) (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: pivo
  - Czech: pivo
    - → Slovene: pívo (“beer”) (tonal orthography)
- Old Polish: piwo
  - Masurian: psiwo
  - Polish: piwo
  - Silesian: piwo
- Old Slovak: pivo
  - Pannonian Rusyn: пиво (pivo)
  - Slovak: pivo
- Polabian: paivü
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: piwò
  - Slovincian: pjywô
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: piwo
  - Upper Sorbian: piwo

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pȋvo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 402: “n. o (c) ‘drink, beer’”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пиво”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “piwo”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 438

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pȋvo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 402: “n. o (c) ‘drink, beer’”