< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/motyka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mot-. Cognate with Latin mateola (“hoe”), Proto-West Germanic *mattjuk (“mattock, plowshare”), Sanskrit मत्य (matyà, “agricultural device, harrow?”).

Noun

*motỳka f

  1. hoe

Inflection
Declension of *motỳka (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *motỳka *motycě *motyky
genitive *motyky *motyku *motykъ
dative *motycě *motykama *motykamъ
accusative *motykǫ *motycě *motyky
instrumental *motykojǫ, *motykǫ** *motykama *motykami
locative *motycě *motyku *motykasъ, *motykaxъ*
vocative *motỳko *motycě *motyky
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: матыка (matyka)
    • Russian: моты́га (motýga), моты́ка (motýka)
    • Ukrainian: мотика (motyka)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: мотꙑкꙑ (motyky)
      Glagolitic script: ⰿⱁⱅⱏⰹⰽⱏⰹ (motyky)
    • Bulgarian: мотика (motika)
    • Macedonian: мотика (motika)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: мотика
      Latin script: motika
    • Slovene: motika
  • West Slavic:

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) “*motỳka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 327
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