< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/moltъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *molh₂-to-, from *melh₂- (given as *melH- in Derksen). Equivalently from the root of *melti (“to grind, mill”) +‎ *-tъ. The original meaning was "crushing out".

Cognate with Latin malleus (“hammer”) < *mal-ni- "crushing" (per Pokorny).

Noun

*mõltъ or *mȏltъ m[1][2]

  1. hammer
Inflection

Accent paradigm b or c. Most descendants reflect paradigm c.

Declension of *mõltъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *mõltъ *mōltà *mōltì
genitive *mōltà *mōltù *mõltъ
dative *mōltù *mōltòma *mōltòmъ
accusative *mõltъ *mōltà *mōltỳ
instrumental *mōltъ̀mь, *mōltòmь* *mōltòma *mõlty
locative *mōltě̀ *mōltù *mõltěxъ
vocative *molte *mōltà *mōltì
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *mȏltъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *mȏltъ *mȏlta *mȏlti
genitive *mȏlta *moltù *mõltъ
dative *mȏltu *moltomà *moltòmъ
accusative *mȏltъ *mȏlta *mȏlty
instrumental *mȏltъmь, *mȏltomь* *moltomà *moltý
locative *mȏltě *moltù *moltě̃xъ
vocative *molte *mȏlta *mȏlti
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • *mōltìti (“to beat, thresh”)
    • *moltěja / *molťaja
    • *moltęga, *moltęgъ?
    • *moltidlo
      • *moltidlьja
    • *molti(d)lьnъ
    • *moltišče
    • *moltivo
    • *molt(j)ati
    • *molt(j)enьje
    • *molťьskъ
    • *moltъka / *molťьka
    • *moltьba
    • *moltьcь
  • *moltobojь
    • *moltobojьcь
  • *moltovъ
  • *moltъkъ
  • *moltьnъ
    • *moltьnica
    • *moltьnikъ
    • *moltьnja / *moltьnь
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: молотъ (molotŭ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: млатъ (mlatŭ)
      Glagolitic: ⰿⰾⰰⱅⱏ (mlatŭ)
    • Bulgarian: млат (mlat)
    • Macedonian: млат (mlat)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: мла̑т
      Latin script: mlȃt, mlȏt
    • Slovene: mlȁt, mlȃt (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “молот”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 540
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “молот”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mel-1”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 716–719
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*moltъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 197

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*moltъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 323: “m. o (b/c) ‘hammer’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “moltъ molta”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “d (OSA 143; PR 137; RPT 105)”

Noun

*moltъ m

  1. Alternative form of *molto (“malt”)
Declension
Declension of *moltъ (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *moltъ *molta *molti
genitive *molta *moltu *moltъ
dative *moltu *moltoma *moltomъ
accusative *moltъ *molta *molty
instrumental *moltъmь, *moltomь* *moltoma *molty
locative *moltě *moltu *moltěxъ
vocative *molte *molta *molti
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
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