< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/marěna
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
*marěna
Etymology
Unknown. Perchance related to *marati (“to stain, to sully”). It might be a substrate word spread from Poland and only late, while comparisons with other Indo-European words are difficult and prone to chance correspondence. However it has terminally ousted the other Slavic word for madder, *broščь, by the end of the Early Modern Age.
Inflection
Declension of *marěna (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *marěna | *marěně | *marěny |
| genitive | *marěny | *marěnu | *marěnъ |
| dative | *marěně | *marěnama | *marěnamъ |
| accusative | *marěnǫ | *marěně | *marěny |
| instrumental | *marěnojǫ, *marěnǭ** | *marěnama | *marěnamī |
| locative | *marěně | *marěnu | *marěnasъ, *marěnaxъ* |
| vocative | *marěno | *marěně | *marěny |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic: —
- →? Albanian: marenë
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*marěna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 210
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “марена”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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