< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyla

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kū́ˀlāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ul-eh₂. Cognate with Lithuanian kū́la, kū́las, Proto-Germanic *haulaz.

Noun

*kỳla f[1][2][3]

  1. outgrowth, hernia

Inflection
Declension of *kỳla (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *kỳla *kỳlě *kỳly
genitive *kỳly *kỳlu *kỳlъ
dative *kỳlě *kỳlama *kỳlamъ
accusative *kỳlǫ *kỳlě *kỳly
instrumental *kỳlojǫ, *kỳlǭ** *kỳlama *kỳlamī
locative *kỳlě *kỳlu *kỳlasъ, *kỳlaxъ*
vocative *kỳlo *kỳlě *kỳly
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
  • *kylavъ (“weak, frail, sickly”) (also encountered as *xylavъ)
  • *kylьcь (“degenerate creature or plant”)
  • *xyliti (“to bend over, to crumble, to succumb”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кила (kila)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: кыла (kyla)
      Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⰹⰾⰰ (kyla)
    • Bulgarian: ки́ла (kíla)
    • Macedonian: кила (kila)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ки̏ла
      Latin script: kȉla
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): kȉla
      • Chakavian (Orlec): kȉla
      • Chakavian (Kukljica): kȉla
      • Chakavian (Crikvenica): kȉla
      • Kajkavian (Varaždin): k'ila
      • Kajkavian (Ozalj): kȉla
    • Slovene: kíla (tonal orthography)
      • (Črni vrh, Idrija): kȋłḁ
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кила́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kỳla”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 265: “f. ā (a) ‘outgrowth, hernia’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kyla kyly”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 22; PR 132)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kíla”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ky̋la”
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