< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kupa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kā́ˀupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂wp-eh₂, from *keh₂wp-. Cognate with Lithuanian káupa (“heap”), Latvian kuõpa (“stack”).

Noun

*kupa f

  1. heap, pile

Declension
Declension of *kupa (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *kupa *kupě *kupy
genitive *kupy *kupu *kupъ
dative *kupě *kupama *kupamъ
accusative *kupǫ *kupě *kupy
instrumental *kupojǫ, *kupǫ** *kupama *kupami
locative *kupě *kupu *kupasъ, *kupaxъ*
vocative *kupo *kupě *kupy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: ку́па (kúpa)
  • South Slavic:
    • Russian Church Slavonic: коупа (kupa)
    • Bulgarian: купа́ (kupá); ку́па (kúpa), купъ́ (kupǎ́) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: купа (kupa)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ку̏па
      Latin script: kȕpa
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: kupa
    • Polish: kupa
    • Slovak: kupa (dialectal)
    • Slovincian: kùpa
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: kupa (“island”)
      • Upper Sorbian: kupa (“island”)

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kupa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 107
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “купа”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 455
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “купа”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 3
  • Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1989), “ку́па”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 5 (ка́яць – ліпя́нка), Minsk: Navuka i technika
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ку́па”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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