< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klěšča

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)loyḱ-t-yeh₂, from *k(ʷ)leyḱ-. Cognates include Lithuanian klìšė (“crab's pincer”).

Noun

*klěšča f[1]

  1. claw, pincer

Declension
Declension of *klěšča (soft a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *klěšča *klěšči *klěščę̇
genitive *klěščę̇ *klěšču *klěščь
dative *klěšči *klěščama *klěščamъ
accusative *klěščǫ *klěšči *klěščę̇
instrumental *klěščejǫ, *klěščǫ** *klěščama *klěščami
locative *klěšči *klěšču *klěščasъ, *klěščaxъ*
vocative *klěšče *klěšči *klěščę̇
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *klěščica
  • *klěščina
  • *klěščiti
  • *klěščьna
  • *klěščь

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: клеща (klešča)
      • Belarusian: клешчы pl (klješčy)
      • Russian: кле́щи pl (kléšči)
      • Ukrainian: кліщі́ pl (kliščí)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: kléščě f pl
    • Polabian: klestă pl
    • Polish: kleszcze pl
    • Slovak: kliešte pl
    • Slovincian: klészczê pl
    • Sorbian:

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klěšči мн./*klěšča”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 20
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кле́щи́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*klěšča”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 224: “f. jā ‘claw, pincer’”
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