Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dybati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably formed as *dyba (“staff, derrick”) +‎ *-ti from 0-grade of Proto-Indo-European *dwe(m)b- (“top”), akin to Proto-Germanic *tuppijô (“to be atop”).

Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb- (“deep”), related to Proto-Slavic *ďubati (“to peck”), Proto-Germanic *daupijaną (“to immerse”) via uncertain semantic shift.

Verb

*dybati impf

to meander, to stagger
to stay atop, to stand on back feet (for tetrapod animals)

Inflection

Conjugation of *dybati, *dyba, *dybetь (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dybanьje	*dybati	*dybatъ	*dybalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dybanъ	*dybomъ
Active	*dybavъ	*dyby

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dybaxъ	*dyba	*dyba	*dybǫ	*dybeši	*dybetь
Dual	*dybaxově	*dybasta	*dybaste	*dybevě	*dybeta	*dybete
Plural	*dybaxomъ	*dybaste	*dybašę	*dybemъ	*dybete	*dybǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dybaaxъ	*dybaaše	*dybaaše	—	*dybi	*dybi
Dual	*dybaaxově	*dybaašeta	*dybaašete	*dyběvě	*dyběta	—
Plural	*dybaaxomъ	*dybaašete	*dybaaxǫ	*dyběmъ	*dyběte	—

Related terms

*dyba (“staff, derrick”)
*dъbati (“to look after, to account”) (possibly)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дꙑбати (dybati)
  - Belarusian: ды́баць (dýbacʹ, “to approach”), дыба́ць (dybácʹ, “to tread”)
  - Russian: ды́бать (dýbatʹ, “to stand insecurely”)
  - Ukrainian: ди́бати (dýbaty, “to joggle, to move in abnormal manner”)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: дибя́ (dibjá)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: дибати
  
  Latin script: dibati
West Slavic:
- Polish: dybać
- Slovak: dibať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: dybaś