< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrnǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Formed as *dьrgati +‎ *-nǫti, from Proto-Indo-European *derHgʰ-, likely an extension of Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”).

Verb

*dьrnǫti pf (imperfective *dьrgati)

  1. to comb
  2. to pull off, to tug, to yank

Alternative forms
  • *dьrgnǫti (prior to the contraction *-gn- > *-n-)

Inflection
Conjugation of *dьrnǫti, *dьrnǫ, *dьrnetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dьrnovenьje *dьrnǫti *dьrnǫtъ *dьrnǫlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dьrnovenъ —
Active *dьrnǫvъ —
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dьrnǫxъ*dьrnǫ*dьrnǫ *dьrnǫ*dьrneši*dьrnetь
Dual *dьrnǫxově*dьrnǫsta*dьrnǫste *dьrnevě*dьrneta*dьrnete
Plural *dьrnǫxomъ*dьrnǫste*dьrnǫšę *dьrnemъ*dьrnete*dьrnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular ——— —*dьrni*dьrni
Dual ——— *dьrněvě*dьrněta—
Plural ——— *dьrněmъ*dьrněte—
    Notes:
  • In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: дёрнуть (djórnutʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: дръгна (drǎgna)
    • Macedonian: дргне (drgne)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: др̏нути
      Latin script: dȑnuti[1]
    • Slovene: dŕgniti
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: drhnouti[2]
    • Polabian: dargnǫt
    • Polish: dzierzgnąć[3]
    • Slovak: drhnúť[4]
    • Slovincian: dzêrznõc

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дёрнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrgnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 221
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дръгна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 435

References
  1. Đuro Daničić, Matija Valjavac, Pero Budmani, editor (1884-1886), “drnuti”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎ (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 2, Zagreb: JAZU, page 785
  2. František Št. Kott (1878) “drhnouti”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: Josef Kolář, page 308
  3. J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dzierzgnąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 645
  4. Peciar, Štefan, editor (1959), “drhnúť”, in Slovník slovenského jazyka [Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1 (A – K), Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo SAV, →OCLC, page 329
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dьrnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 136
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