Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/walad-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⵔⵡ (arw).

Verb

*walad-

to give birth

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/walad- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*wald-
active participle					*wālid-
passive participle					walīd-, walūd-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*waladku	*waladka	*walada		*waladkayā	*waladkā	*waladā	*waladna	*waladkanu	*waladū
perfect	f	*waladku	*waladki	*waladat		*waladkayā	*waladkā	*waladatā	*waladna	*waladkina	*waladā

imperfect	m	*ʔalid	*talid	*yilid			*talidā	*yalidā	*nilid	*talidū	*yilidū
imperfect	f	*ʔalid	*talidī	*talid			*talidā	*talidā	*nilid	*talidā	*yilidā

imperative	m		*lid				*lidā			*lidū
imperative	f		*lidī				*lidā			*lidā

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒉿𒆷𒁺𒌝 (walādum)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: وَلَدَ (walada)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: יְלַד (yəlaḏ)
      - Mandaic: [script needed] (yḏl)
      - Classical Syriac: ܝܠܰܕ (yəlaḏ)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: יָלַד (yalád, yālaḏ)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎊𐎍𐎄 (yld /⁠yalada⁠/)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ወልድ (wäld)

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