Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔanta

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Compare with Egyptian ntk and Proto-Cushitic *ʔant- whence Blin ʔənti, Afar atú and Somali adhiga.

Pronoun

*ʔanta m

you (masculine second-person singular personal pronoun)

		1st person	2nd person m	2nd person f	3rd person m	3rd person f
Nominative	Singular	*ʔanāku	*ʔanta	*ʔanti	*šuʔa	*šiʔa
	Dual	*niḥnu	antumā / antumay		šumā / šumay
	Plural	*niḥnu	*ʔantum(ū)	*ʔantin(ā)	*šum(ū)	*šin(ā)
Oblique	Singular	— (enclitics used instead)			*šuʔātī	*šiʔātī
	Dual				šumātī / šumāytī
	Plural				*šumūtī	*šinātī

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒀜𒋫 (atta)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: أَنْتَ (ʔanta)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: אַנְתְּ (ʾant)
      - Classical Syriac: ݁ܐܰܢܬ (ʾant)
      - Turoyo: ܗܰܬ (hat)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: אַתָּה (atá, ʾattâ)
      - Phoenician: 𐤀𐤕 (ʾt)
        Punic: 𐤀𐤕 (ʾt)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎚 (ảt /⁠ʾatta⁠/)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Amharic: አንተ (ʾäntä)
  - Ge'ez: አንተ (ʾäntä)

References

Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN

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