< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/stáwrah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáwras, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)táwros.

Noun

*stáwrah m[1][2][3]

  1. large domestic animal, cattle

Inflection
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *stáwrah *stáwrā *stáwrā
vocative *stáwra *stáwrā *stáwrā
accusative *stáwram *stáwrā *stáwrānh
instrumental *stáwrā *stáwraybyaH *stáwrāyš
ablative *stáwrāt *stáwraybyaH *stáwraybyah
dative *stáwrāy *stáwraybyaH *stáwraybyah
genitive *stáwrahya *stáwrayāh *stáwrānam
locative *stáwray *stáwrayaw *stáwrayšu

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬭𐬀 (staora, “large domestic animal”)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *stūri
      • Ossetian: (“cow, bull”)
        Iron Ossetian: стур (stur)
        Digor Ossetian: стор (stor), ӕстор (æstor)
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (stūrä, “large cattle, horse”)
      • Wakhi: strey (“cow, female cattle”)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾstwr), [script needed] (ʾscwr), [script needed] (ʾswr)
      • Sogdian: (/⁠(ə)stōr⁠/, “sheep, cattle”)
        Sogdian script: 𐼼𐽂𐼴𐽀 (stwr), 𐼰𐼼𐽂𐼰𐼴𐽀 (ʾstʾwr), 𐼰𐼼𐽂𐼴𐽀 (ʾstwr)
        Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼑𐼚𐼀𐼇𐼘 (ʾstʾwr)
        Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (stwr)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri: [script needed] (*stur-, “horse”)
      • ⇒ Ormuri: [script needed] (sturgd, “stable”)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *sᵊtewr
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: [script needed] (sətūr)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *sᵊtewr
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani: *sⁱtəur
          • Sarikoli: sĭtɛwr
          • Shughni: ситу̊р (sitū̊r), (Bartangi, Roshani) ситӯр (sitūr)
        • Yazghulami: сәтәр (sətər), стәр (stər)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *stáwrah
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫤𐫇𐫡 (ʾstwr, “horse”)
      • Zazaki: stor, hestor m (estor, “horse”)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (stwl /⁠stōr⁠/, “horse, mount; large cattle”)
      • Persian: ستور (sotur, “beast of burden”)

References
  1. Čong (Cheung), Dž. (2009) T. K. Salbijeva, transl., Očerki istoričeskovo razvitija osetinskovo vokalizma [Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism] (in Russian), Vladikavkaz: Izdatelʹsko-poligrafičeskoje predprijatije im. V. Gassijeva, →ISBN, page 225
  2. Edelman, D. I. (1980) History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages, in Indo-Iranian Journal
  3. Bailey, H. W. (1979) “stura-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 434a
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