Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/mádyah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mádʰyas, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos.

Adjective

*mádyah[1][2][3][4]

middle
waist

Derived terms

*mádyānah (“middle, waist”) (+ *-anah)
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀 (maⁱδiiāna)
- Bactrian: μιλανο (milano)
- Gurani: میان (miyān)
- Khotanese: [script needed] (myāna)
- Kurdish:
  Northern Kurdish: nav
  
  Central Kurdish: ناو (naw)
  
  Southern Kurdish: ناو (naw)
  
  Laki: نام (nam), نوم (num)
- Parthian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫅𐫏𐫀𐫗 (mdyʾn)
- Old Persian: *madyānaʰ[5]
  - Middle Persian: (/⁠mayān⁠/, “between”)
    Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫏𐫀𐫗 (myʾn)
    
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mdyʾn')
    - Classical Persian: میان (/⁠miyān⁠/)
      - Persian: میان (/⁠miyân⁠/)
  - >? Elamite: 𒈠𒋾𒂊𒈾 (ma-ti-e-na)[6]
- Sogdian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫏𐫔𐫀𐫗 (myδʾn /⁠mēẟan⁠/), 𐫖𐫔𐫀𐫗 (mδʾn /⁠m(i)ẟān⁠/)
  
  Old Sogdian script: 𐼍𐼌𐼀𐼏 (mδʾn /⁠m(i)ẟān⁠/)
  
  Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (myδyʾn /⁠mēẟyān⁠/)
- → Arabic: مَيْدَان (maydān) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌 (maⁱδiiāi, loc.sg.)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Ossetian:
  Digor Ossetian: медӕг (medæg)
  
  Iron Ossetian: мидӕг (midæg)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: ملا f (mlā, “waist”)

References

Cheung, Johnny (2002) Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN, pages 14, 36, 103
Bailey, H. W. (1979) “myāna-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 340-341
Kim, Ronald I. (2007) “Two problems of Ossetic nominal morphology”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies and Historical Linguistics‎, volume 112, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 62-63
Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 191
Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 55
Tavernier, Jan (2007) “Mattēna”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 530: “530”

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[1] Cheung, Johnny (2002) Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN, pages 14, 36, 103

[2] Bailey, H. W. (1979) “myāna-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 340-341

[3] Kim, Ronald I. (2007) “Two problems of Ossetic nominal morphology”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies and Historical Linguistics‎, volume 112, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 62-63

[4] Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)‎, volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 191

[Rezai-5] Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 55

[6] Tavernier, Jan (2007) “Mattēna”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 530: “530”