< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian
Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hácmā
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā.
Derived terms
- *Hácmāgūnah (“sky-colour”)
- Sogdian: (/asmānγōn/)
- Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾsmʾnγwn)
- Middle Persian: (/asmāngōn/, “sky blue; azure”)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾsmʾngwn')
- Sogdian: (/asmānγōn/)
Descendants
- Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬨𐬀𐬥 (asman)[1]
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Sogdo-Bacterian:
- Bactrian: αϸνηφινδανο (ašnēfindano /āšnēfindan/, “the Lord of Sky”)
- Khwarezmian: آسیم (ʾsym /*āsəm/), آسم (ʾsm)
- Sogdiac:
- Sogdo-Bacterian:
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: آژمان (àžmàn), آزمان (àzmàn)
- Kurdish:
- Old Median: *asmā
- → Old Persian: 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎴 (asman)
- Middle Persian: (/asmān/)[2]
- Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭠𐭮𐭬𐭠𐭭 (ʾsmʾn)
- Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (ʾsmʾn)
- Book Pahlavi script: (ʾsmʾn')
- Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮍𐮋𐮀𐮌 (ʾsmʾn)
- Pazend script: 𐬁𐬯𐬨𐬅 (āsmą̇)
- Classical Persian: آسمان (âsmân)
- Dari: آسمان (ā̊smā̊n)
- Iranian Persian: آسمان (âsemân, âsmân)
- Tajik: осмон (osmon)
- → Talysh: осмон
- → Baluchi: آسمان (ásmán)
- → Gujarati: આસમાન (āsamān)
- → Kermanic:
- Vonishuni, Qohrudi, Kesehi, Natanzi: ā̊semūn
- Zefrehi: ā̊smū
- Kafroni: ā̊s(e)mā̊n
- Meymehi: āsɛmūn
- Soi: āsemūn
- → Hindi: आसमान (āsmān)
- → Punjabi: ਆਸਮਾਨ (āsamān)
- → Rajasthani: असमाण
- → Sindhi: آسمان (āsmān)
- → Sivandi: āsemān
- → Urdu: آسمان (āsmān)
- Middle Persian: (/asmān/)[2]
- → Old Persian: 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎴 (asman)
- Parthian: (/āsmān/)
- Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (ʾsmʾn)
- ⇒ Parthian: (/āsmānag/, “of the sky”)
- Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (ʾsmʾng)
- → Classical Persian: آسمانه (āsmāna, “sky; floor; ceiling”)
- Dari: آسمانه (āsmāna)
- Iranian Persian: آسمانه (āsmāne)
- Tajik: осмона (osmona)
- Zaza-Gurani:
- Gurani: ئاسمان (āsmān)
- Zazaki: azmên
References
- Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1), Brill, →ISBN
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
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