< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hácmā

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā.

Noun

*Hácmā m

  1. sky, heaven

Derived terms

  • *Hácmāgūnah (sky-colour)
    • Sogdian: (/⁠asmānγōn⁠/)
      Sogdian script: [script needed] (ʾsmʾnγwn)
    • Middle Persian: (/⁠asmāngōn⁠/, sky blue; azure)
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾsmʾngwn')

Descendants

  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬨𐬀𐬥 (asman)[1]
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Sogdo-Bacterian:
      • Bactrian: αϸνηφινδανο (ašnēfindano /⁠āšnēfindan⁠/, the Lord of Sky)
      • Khwarezmian: آسیم (ʾsym /⁠*āsəm⁠/), آسم (ʾsm)
      • Sogdiac:
        • Sogdian: (/⁠(ə)smān⁠/)
          Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (ʾsmʾn), 𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (smʾn)
          Sogdian script: [script needed] (smʾnh)
          Syriac script: ܣܩܐܢ (smʾn)
          • Classical Persian: سمان (samān)
        • Yagnobi: осмон (āsmān) (perhaps influenced by Tajiki)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: آژمان (àžmàn), آزمان (àzmàn)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: ئاسمان (asman)
      Northern Kurdish: asman, azman, esman,
      Southern Kurdish: ئاسمان (asman)
      Laki: ئاسمان (asman)
    • Old Median: *asmā
      • Old Persian: 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎴 (asman)
        • Middle Persian: (/⁠asmān⁠/)[2]
          Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭠𐭮𐭬𐭠𐭭 (ʾsmʾn)
          Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (ʾsmʾn)
          Book Pahlavi script: 𐮰𐮽𐮼𐮰𐮵𐮵 (ʾsmʾn')
          Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮍𐮋𐮀𐮌 (ʾsmʾn)
          Pazend script: 𐬁𐬯𐬨𐬅 (āsmą̇)
    • Parthian: (/⁠āsmān⁠/)
      Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫘𐫖𐫀𐫗 (ʾsmʾn)
      • Parthian: (/⁠āsmānag⁠/, of the sky)
        Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (ʾsmʾng)
        • Classical Persian: آسمانه (āsmāna, sky; floor; ceiling)
          Dari: آسمانه (āsmāna)
          Iranian Persian: آسمانه (āsmāne)
          Tajik: осмона (osmona)
    • Zaza-Gurani:

References

  1. Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1), Brill, →ISBN
  2. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
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