Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tridḱómt

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *tri- (“three”) +‎ *déḱm̥ (“ten”).

Numeral

**Proto-Indo-European cardinal numbers**
< 20	30	40 >
Cardinal : tridḱómt Ordinal* : *tridḱm̥tós[1]

*tridḱómt

thirty

Alternative reconstructions

*trīḱómt[2]
*trih₂dḱómt[3]
*tridḱmth₂[4]

Descendants

Albanian: tridhjetë
Proto-Armenian: (< *trīḱomt)
- Old Armenian: երեսուն (eresun)
  - Armenian: երեսուն (eresun)
Proto-Celtic: *trīkontes (see there for further descendants) (< *trīḱomt)
Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: τριάκοντα (triákonta)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *triHćát
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *triHśát
  - Sanskrit: त्रिंशत् (triṃśát)
    - Hindustani:
      - Hindi: तीस (tīs)
      - Urdu: تیس (tīs)
    - Nepali: तीस (tīs)
- Proto-Iranian: *θriHcát
  - Avestan: 𐬚𐬭𐬌𐬯𐬀𐬙 (θrisat)
  - Persian: سی (si)
Proto-Italic:
- Latin: trīgintā (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Tocharian: *täryākā
- Tocharian A: taryāk
- Tocharian B: täryāka

References

Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell
Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 418
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 238
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-gintā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 262

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[Fortson_p132-1] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell

[2] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 418

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 238

[4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-gintā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 262