< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tews-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root 1

*tews-[a 1][a 2]

  1. to be empty; to drain

Derived terms
  • *tus-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tušćáti
      • Proto-Iranian: *tuŝáti
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬙𐬎𐬯𐬆𐬥 (tusən, 3.pl.inj)
  • *tows-éye-ti (causative)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tawšáyati
      • Proto-Iranian: *tawšáyati
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬙𐬌 (taošaiieti, 3.sg.pres.ind)
  • *tus-sḱ-yós (“empty”)[a 3]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *tuskjas (“empty”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tušćyás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tuśćyás
      • Proto-Iranian: *tuŝyás
        • Khotanese: tuśśaa (“empty”)
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (twhyg /⁠tuhīg⁠/)
          • Persian: تهی (tohi, “empty”)
        • Parthian: [script needed] (twsyg, “empty”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Italic:
      • Latin: tesqua (“desert”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *þustaz (“manure”)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *teu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 642
  2. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*tauš”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 388
  3. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*tussk̂i̯os”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 179

Root 2

*tews-[b 1][b 2]

  1. to be happy
  2. (later) to be still

Etymology

Probably an extension of *tewH- (“to favour”).[b 3]

Derived terms
  • *tus-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Hittite: [script needed] (tu-uš-ki-ez-zi /⁠tuškezzi⁠/, “to be happy”)[b 4]
  • *tus-yé-ti (ye-present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tušyáti
  • *tows-éye-ti (causative-iterative)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *tawšáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tawṣáyati
        • Sanskrit: तोषयति (toṣáyati)
  • Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Slavic: *tušiti (“to make still, to quench”)[b 5] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *þusiþaz (“silent”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Sanskrit: तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm, “silently”)
    • Old Prussian: tusnan (“still”)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *teu̯s-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 641
  2. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*teus-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 255
  3. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “tušk(ii̯e/a)-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1040
  5. Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ту́хнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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