< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*plew-[1][2][3]

  1. to fly, flow, run

Extensions
  • *plew-d-
  • *plew-k-
  • *plew-t-
    • *plewt-yom,[4] *plowt-yom[4]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pljáutja, *pláutja

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *plew-‎ (17 c, 0 e)
  • *plew-eh₂-h₁en-
    • Proto-Tocharian:
  • *pléw-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pléwō[6]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pláwati (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *plowō[7]
      • Latin: pluit (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian: *pläu-[8]
  • *plow-éye-ti (causative)
    • Proto-Celtic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *plāwáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *plāwáyati
        • Sanskrit: प्लावयति (plāváyati)
      • Proto-Iranian: *frāwáyati
        • Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬵𐬌 (frafrāuuaiiāhi)
    • Proto-Slavic: *plàviti (sometimes derived from *pleh₃(w)-) ⇒ *plàvati (see there for further descendants)
  • *pléw-mō (“lung”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *plow-mos
    • Proto-Germanic: *flaumaz (“stream”)[9] (see there for further descendants)
  • *plow-ó-s
  • *plow-tó-m
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latvian: plàuts (“shelf, sideboard of a bee-hive”)
      • Lithuanian: plaũtas (“sweating shelf, bath shelf, sideboard (of a bee-hive or a boat)”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *plūtò (“flotsam”)
    • Proto-Germanic:
      • Old Norse: fleyðr (“cross-beam”) (Old Icelandic)
        • Icelandic: fleyður
  • *plow-tós
  • *plów-yos (“ship”)
  • *plu-tó-s
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *plútas, *plúta n
      • East Baltic:
        • Latvian: pluts
      • Proto-Slavic: *plъ̀tъ (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *plūtei
    • Proto-Hellenic: *plutós
      • Ancient Greek: πλυτός (plutós)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *plutás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *plutás
        • Sanskrit: प्लुत (plutá)
  • *pléw-ih₂[12]
    • Proto-Celtic: *ɸlowī
      • ⇒ Breton: lewier m (“pilot”)
      • Old Cornish: leu (“rudder”)
        • Cornish: lew (“rudder”)
      • Old Irish: luí f (“rudder, tail”)
      • Middle Welsh: llyw m (“rudder, tail, leader, pilot”)

See also

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “835–837”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 835–837
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*pleu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 487-488
  3. The template Template:R:ine:AHD does not use the parameter(s): 
    1=70
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Watkins, Calvert (1985) “pleu-”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  4. Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
  5. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “plyuwai”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πλέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1208-1209
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pluō, pluit”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 474-475
  8. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “plu-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 462-463
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*flauma-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 145
  10. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “plewe”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 463
  11. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*flauja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 145
  12. Stifter, David (2023) “With the Back to the Ocean: The Celtic Maritime Vocabulary”, in Kristian Kristiansen, Guus Kroonen and Eske Willerslev, editors, The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 189
  13. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “luanam”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 316
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