< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pewǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Probably not related to *pewḱ- (“pine”).[1]

Root

*pewǵ-[1][2][3][4]

  1. to punch, fist-fight
  2. to prick, poke, stab

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-‎ (16 c, 0 e)
  • *péwǵ-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • Proto-Germanic: *feukaną
  • >? *puǵ-eh₂yéti
    • Proto-Germanic: *fukkōną (“to strike, copulate”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *pu-né-ǵ-ti ~ *pu-n-ǵ-énti (nasal-infix present)[2]
  • *puǵ-i-h₃onh₂-
  • *puǵ-lis[1]
    • Proto-Italic: *pugls
      • Latin: pugil (“boxer, fist-fighter”)
  • *puǵ-méh₂
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pugmā́
      • Ancient Greek: πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist, fist-fight”)
  • *puǵ-nó-s[2]
  • *puǵ-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *púks
      • Ancient Greek: πύξ (púx, “with fists, in a fist-fight”)
  • *puǵ-teh₂t-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *púktāts
      • Ancient Greek: πύκτης (púktēs, “boxer, fist-fighter”)
  • >? *pu-n-ǵ-sti-s
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Germanic: *funstiz (“fist”) (< *funkstiz)
      • Proto-West Germanic: *fūsti (see there for further descendants)

See also

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πυγμή”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1254: “*puḱ, *puǵ- 'sting'”
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pungō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499: “*pu-n(e)g/k-”
  3. “pugnacious”, in Collins English Dictionary.: “*peuĝ-, to punch”
  4. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) “*peug- 'prick, poke'”, in The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 377
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