< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyǵʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leyǵʰ- (imperfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to lick

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyǵʰ-‎ (20 c, 0 e)
  • *léyǵʰ-ti ~ *liǵʰ-énti (athematic root present)[4][5][6]
  • *liǵʰ-é-ti (zero-grade root present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riȷ́ʰáti (see there for further descendants)
  • *li-né-ǵʰ-ti ~ *li-n-ǵʰ-énti (nasal-infix present)[7]
    • Proto-Italic: *lingō
      • Latin: lingō (see there for further descendants)
  • *lḗyǵʰ-s-t ~ *léyǵʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: λεῖξαι (leîxai)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hálićšat
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háliṭṣat
        • Sanskrit: अलिक्षत् (álikṣat)
  • *liǵʰ-néh₂-ti ~ *liǵʰ-n̥h₂-énti[8][9]
    • Proto-Germanic: *likkōną (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ *likkraz (see there for further descendants)
  • *liǵʰ-néw-ti ~ *liǵʰ-n̥w-énti
    • Proto-Hellenic: *likʰnéwō
      • Ancient Greek: λιχνεύω (likhneúō, “to lick, taste by stealth; to crave”)
  • *loyǵʰ-éye-ti (causative-iterative)[10]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *léiźtei, *láiźīˀtei
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *layȷ́ʰáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *layźʰáyati
        • Sanskrit: लेहयति (leháyati, “to cause to lick”)
  • *loyǵʰ-eH-ti[8]
  • *loyǵʰ-o-, *leyǵʰ-eh₂ (thematic nouns)[11]
    • Proto-Celtic: *lēgā (“spoon”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *layȷ́ʰas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *layźʰas
        • Sanskrit: लेह (leha, “licker, sipper; that which is licked or sipped, syrup, food”)
  • *liǵʰ-nó-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *líkʰnos
      • Ancient Greek: λίχνος (líkhnos, “gluttonous, lustful, covetous; desirable, delicious”)
  • *liǵʰ-tó-s (“licked”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liždʰás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liẓḍʰás
  • *líǵʰs
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *líćš
  • Unsorted formations:

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “lei̯g̑h, slei̯g̑h”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 668
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “*lei̯g̑ʰ-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 404
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯g̑ʰ”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 404
  4. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*līzàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 280
  5. Derksen, Rick (2015) “liežti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lig-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 239
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lingō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 343
  8. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*likkōn- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 337
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*likkra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
  10. Derksen, Rick (2015) “laižyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271
  11. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lēgā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 235-236
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