Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰedʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʷʰedʰ-

to request, pray, ask for

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-‎ (19 c, 0 e)

*gʷʰédʰ-ye-ti (ye-present)
*gʷʰodʰ-éye-ti
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰādʰáyati
  - Proto-Iranian: *gādáyati
*gʷʰ-ne-dʰ- ~ *gʷʰ-n̥-dʰ- (nasal-infix present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gend-
  - Lithuanian: gedáuti, gedė́ti, pasigèsti (“to miss”) (1p. pres. pasigendù)
  - Proto-Slavic: *žę̄dàti, *žęďati (see there for further descendants)
*gʷʰédʰ-ti-s ~ *gʷʰdʰ-téy-s
- Proto-Celtic: *gʷeddis
  - Proto-Brythonic:
    - Welsh: gweddi
  - Old Irish: geiss (“curse, taboo”)
    - Irish: geis
*gʷʰedʰ-eh₂
- Proto-Germanic: *bedō (“request, plea”) (see there for further descendants)
*gʷʰedʰ-yeh₂
- Proto-Celtic: *gʷedyā
  - Old Irish: guide (“prayer”)
    - Irish: guí
    - Manx: gwee (“curse, imprecation”)
    - Scottish Gaelic: guidhe
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: գոթի (gotʻi, “worship, sorcery”) (?)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πόθος (póthos), ποθή (pothḗ), ποθέω (pothéō) (< gʷʰedʰ-s-o-), θέσσασθαι (théssasthai) (< gʷʰedʰ-s-)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 488, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 488
Derksen, Rick (2008). Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Brill Leiden-Boston, p. 571

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