< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰudʰmḗn

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possible metathesis from *dʰewbʰ- ~ *dʰubʰ- (“deep”) +‎ *-mḗn (agentive nominal suffix).[1]

Noun

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2=*bʰudʰ(m̥)n-
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*bʰudʰmḗn m

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Inflection
Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn
genitive *bʰudʰm̥nés
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
vocative *bʰudʰmén *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
accusative *bʰudʰménm̥ *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménm̥s
genitive *bʰudʰm̥nés *? *bʰudʰm̥nóHom
ablative *bʰudʰm̥nés *? *bʰudʰmn̥mós
dative *bʰudʰm̥néy *? *bʰudʰmn̥mós
locative *bʰudʰmén, *bʰudʰméni *? *bʰudʰmn̥sú
instrumental *bʰudʰm̥néh₁ *? *bʰudʰmn̥mís

Kroonen suggests the loss of the -m- in the oblique stem early in PIE. This shortened oblique form *bʰudʰn- may have been reanalyzed as a thematic noun *bʰudʰnós.[2]

Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn
genitive *bʰudʰnés
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰudʰmḗn *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
vocative *bʰudʰmén *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménes
accusative *bʰudʰménm̥ *bʰudʰménh₁(e) *bʰudʰménm̥s
genitive *bʰudʰnés *? *bʰudʰnóHom
ablative *bʰudʰnés *? *bʰudʰn̥mós
dative *bʰudʰnéy *? *bʰudʰn̥mós
locative *bʰudʰmén, *bʰudʰméni *? *bʰudʰn̥sú
instrumental *bʰudʰnéh₁ *? *bʰudʰn̥mís

Derived terms
  • *bʰudʰ-nó-s (innovative thematic o-stem)[3][4]
    • Proto-Armenian: (+ *an- (negative prefix))
    • Proto-Germanic: *buttaz (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰudʰnás (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ *bʰu-n-dʰ-ó-s (metathesized)
      • Proto-Celtic: *bundos (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *funðos[2]
        • Latin: fundus (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Albanian: *budzā

Descendants

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*budman- ~ *buttman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 82
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fundus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 250
  3. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 28
  4. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 80: “However, one cannot be absolutely sure whether we are dealing with a shared innovation or independent developments in Indo-Iranian and Armenian.”
  5. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “bythë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 44: “IE”
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πυθμήν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1255
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