< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-dʰrom

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

*-dʰlom, *-tlom, *-trom

Etymology

Variant of *-trom.

Sometimes hypothesized to have developed from assimilation to a preceding voiced aspirate[1] (compare Bartholomae's law in Indo-Iranian). Sihler describes this as the usual explanation and considers it "the only remotely plausible" one if the *t- forms of the suffix are original, but says it is problematic, noting that this form of the suffix is not attested in contexts like Greek λέκτρον (léktron) (from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-) even though, under this hypothesis, the *-dʰ-initial variants would have originated in words like this.[2]

Based on the contexts in which it occurs, Olsen 1988 argues that it actually originated from coalescence of a voiceless laryngeal (*h₁ or *h₂) with the following *-t-, initially resulting in a voiceless aspirate, which is proposed to have merged with the outcome of voiced aspirates in the languages in which this allomorph is attested.[3]

Suffix

*-dʰrom n

  1. Alternative form of *-trom

Inflection
Thematic
singular
nominative *-dʰrom
genitive *-dʰrosyo
singular dual plural
nominative *-dʰrom *-dʰroy(h₁) *-dʰreh₂
vocative *-dʰrom *-dʰroy(h₁) *-dʰreh₂
accusative *-dʰrom *-dʰroy(h₁) *-dʰreh₂
genitive *-dʰrosyo *? *-dʰroHom
ablative *-dʰread *? *-dʰromos
dative *-dʰroey *? *-dʰromos
locative *-dʰrey, *-dʰroy *? *-dʰroysu
instrumental *-dʰroh₁ *? *-dʰrōys

Derived terms
Category Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰrom not found

Descendants
  • Proto-Hellenic: *-tʰron, *-tʰrē
    • Ancient Greek: -θρον (-thron), -θρη (-thrē)
  • Proto-Italic: *-ðrom, *-ðrā

References
  1. The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix *-tlom and its Variants, Birgit Anette Olsen, 1988. §0.2 page 4
  2. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 201
  3. Olsen, 1988. §9, pages 37-38
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