< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)mewk-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*(s)mewk-[1][2]

  1. to let loose, release
  2. to slip away, escape, flee

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)mewk-‎ (3 c, 0 e)
  • *sméwk-eti (thematic root present)[1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *smáwčati[3]
      • Proto-Iranian: *hmáwčati (see there for further descendants)
  • *méwk-t ~ muk-ént (athematic root aorist)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mukatei
      • Proto-Slavic: *mъčati (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hámučat
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hámućat
        • Sanskrit: अमुचत् (ámucat, 3sg.act.aor.)
  • *méwk-se-ti (*(h₁)se-desiderative)[1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *máwkšati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *máwkṣati
        • Sanskrit: मोक्षते (mókṣate, “to free one's self”, 3sg.med.)
          • ⇒ Sanskrit: मोक्ष (mokṣa) (see there for further descendants)
  • *muk-yé-ti (*yé-present)[1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mučyáti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mućyáti
        • Sanskrit: मुच्यते (múcyate, “be set free, released”, 3sg.med.)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ἀπομύσσω (apomússō)
  • *mu-n-ék-ti ~ *mu-n-k-éti (nasal-infix present)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *muktei[4]
      • Latvian: mukt (“knock off, slip”)
      • Lithuanian: mùkti, munkù, mukaũ (“be released, escape”)
      • Proto-Slavic: *mъknǫti[4][2] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *munčáti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *munćáti
        • Sanskrit: मुञ्चति (muñcáti, “to free, let loose”)
          • ⇒ Sanskrit: आमुञ्चति (āmuñcáti, “to dress”)
      • Proto-Iranian: *munčáti
        • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *patimunčáti (“to clothe”)
          • Sogdian: (/pət(ī)menǰ-/)
            Buddhist: [script needed] (pt’ym’ync, 3sg.impf.)
            Christian: [script needed] (ptmynct, 3sg.pres.), [script needed] (ptymync, 3sg.impf.)
            Manichaean: [script needed] (pt’ymync, 3sg.impf.)
      • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prámunčati
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prámunćati
          • Sanskrit: प्रमुञ्चति (prámuñcati, “to untie, loosen”)
        • Proto-Iranian: *frámunčati
          • Sogdian:
            Christian: [script needed] (fr’mnc-, “to divest oneself of, take off”)
    • Proto-Italic:
  • *mí-muk-(h₁)se-ti (i-reduplicated *(h₁)se-desiderative)[1]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mímukšati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mímukṣati
        • Sanskrit: मुमुक्षति (múmukṣati, “to wish to free one's self”)
  • *muk-tó-s (“released, discharged”)[2]

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*meu̯k-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 443-444
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “meug-, meuk-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 744
  3. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “moc”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  4. Derksen, Rick (2015) “mukti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 325
  5. Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
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