< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/unhtwǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *n̥kʷ-tw-, derived from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts. Compare Sanskrit अक्तु (aktu, “dark, night”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈũːx.twɔ̃ː/

Noun

*unhtwǭ f

  1. last part of the night

Inflection
ōn-stemDeclension of *unhtwǭ (ōn-stem)
singular plural
nominative *unhtwǭ *unhtwōniz
vocative *unhtwǭ *unhtwōniz
accusative *unhtwōnų *unhtwōnunz
genitive *unhtwōniz *unhtwōnǫ̂
dative *unhtwōni *unhtwōmaz
instrumental *unhtwōnē *unhtwōmiz

Descendants
  • Old English: ūht (< *unhtwaz), ūhta (< *unhtwô)
    • Middle English: *uht (found in compound uhtsang, uhtsong); Middle English: uhhtenn, uȝten, ughten, oughten (< Old English ūhtan, oblique form)
  • Old Saxon: ūhta
    • Middle Low German: uchte
      • German Low German: Uchte, Ucht
      • → German: Uchte (“midnight mass”) (regional)
  • Old Dutch: *ūhto
    • Middle Dutch: uchte, ochte (various forms are attested, including nuchte through rebracketing, uchten/ochten from the case forms, and rarely uchtent/ochtent from the previous by analogy with avont (“evening”))
  • Old High German: uohta (irregular); *ūhta
    • Middle High German: uohte, ūhte (both rare)
      • German: Ucht, Aucht (both only in placenames and compounds)
  • Old Norse: ótta, óttask
  • Gothic: 𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍅𐍉 (ūhtwō)

References
  • Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 559-560
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