Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīþuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*sīþiz

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *séh₁itus or *sh₁éitus, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-. Related to Latin sērus (“late, slow”), Old Irish sír (“long, lasting”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.θuz/

Adjective

*sīþuz

late

Inflection

Declension of *sīþuz (u-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*sīþuz	*sīþijai	*sīþī	*sīþijôz	sīþų, -jatō	*sīþijō
accusative	*sīþijanǭ	*sīþijanz	*sīþijǭ	*sīþijōz	sīþų, -jatō	*sīþijō
genitive	sīþijas, sīþīs	*sīþijaizǫ̂	*sīþijaizōz	*sīþijaizǫ̂	sīþijas, sīþīs	*sīþijaizǫ̂
dative	*sīþijammai	*sīþijaimaz	*sīþijaizōi	*sīþijaimaz	*sīþijammai	*sīþijaimaz
instrumental	*sīþijanō	*sīþijaimiz	*sīþijaizō	*sīþijaimiz	*sīþijanō	*sīþijaimiz

weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*sīþijô	*sīþijaniz	*sīþijǭ	*sīþijōniz	*sīþijô	*sīþijōnō
accusative	*sīþijanų	*sīþijanunz	*sīþijōnų	*sīþijōnunz	*sīþijô	*sīþijōnō
genitive	*sīþīniz	*sīþijanǫ̂	*sīþijōniz	*sīþijōnǫ̂	*sīþīniz	*sīþijanǫ̂
dative	*sīþīni	*sīþijammaz	*sīþijōni	*sīþijōmaz	*sīþīni	*sīþijammaz
instrumental	*sīþīnē	*sīþijammiz	*sīþijōnē	*sīþijōmiz	*sīþīnē	*sīþijammiz

Descendants

Old English: sīþ
- ⇒ Old English: sīþlīċe
  - Middle English: siþeli, siddele
⇒ Old Frisian: sether
Old Saxon: sīth
- Middle Low German: sît
- ⇒ Old Saxon: sīthor, sithor
  - Middle Low German: sider, sēder
Old Dutch: *sīth
- Middle Dutch: sîde
- ⇒ Old Dutch: sither
  - Middle Dutch: sēder
    - ⇒ Middle Dutch: tsēdert
      - Dutch: sedert
Old High German: sīd
- Middle High German: sīt
  - German: seit
  - Luxembourgish: säit
- ⇒ Old High German: sīdor, sidor
  - Middle High German: sider, siders
    - German: sider (obsolete)
Old Norse: síðr, síð
- Icelandic: síður, síð
- Faroese: síður, síð
Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus)
→ Proto-Finnic: *hidas (see there for further descendants)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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