< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kulą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *ǵulHom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwl̥H-o-m, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). Related to Old Irish gúal (“charcoal, coal”), Sanskrit ज्वलति (jválati, “to burn”), Lithuanian žvìlti (“to shine”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈku.lɑ̃/

Noun

*kulą n

  1. coal

Inflection
neuter a-stemDeclension of *kulą (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *kulą *kulō
vocative *kulą *kulō
accusative *kulą *kulō
genitive *kulas, *kulis *kulǫ̂
dative *kulai *kulamaz
instrumental *kulō *kulamiz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *kol
    • Old English: col
    • Old Frisian: kole
      • Saterland Frisian: Cole, Koole
      • West Frisian: koal
    • Old Saxon: *kol
      • Middle Low German: kole
        • German Low German: Kahl, Kaal
        • Plautdietsch: Kol
    • Old Dutch: *kol
    • Old High German: kol
  • Old Norse: kol, kul

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309
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