Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hleuþą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxleu̯.θɑ̃/

Noun

*hleuþą n[1]

listening, hearing
sound

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hleuþą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hleuþą	*hleuþō
vocative	*hleuþą	*hleuþō
accusative	*hleuþą	*hleuþō
genitive	hleuþas, hliuþis	*hleuþǫ̂
dative	*hliuþai	*hleuþamaz
instrumental	*hleuþō	*hleuþamiz

Descendants

Old Dutch: lūt, luut; geluut
- Middle Dutch: geluut, geluet; geluyt
  - Dutch: geluid
    - Afrikaans: geluid
    - Petjo: heluit
Old English: hleoð
Old Norse: hljóð
- Icelandic: hljóð n
- Faroese: ljóð n
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ljod m or n, (dialectal) ljø, ly
- Old Swedish: liūþ
  - Swedish: ljud c
- Old Danish: liud
  - Danish: lyd c
    - Norwegian Bokmål: lyd m
      - → Norwegian Nynorsk: lyd m
- → Scots: luid
Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸 (hliuþ)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hleuþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 230

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[Kroonen-1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hleuþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 230