< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/viruttadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *virudak + *-ttadak.
Inflection
Inflection of *viruttadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *virut'an | *virut'ëin | — | *viruttagon |
| 2nd sing. | *virut'at | *virut'ëit | *virut'ak | *viruttagos |
| 3rd sing. | *viruttapi *virutta |
*viruttëi | *viruttakahën | *viruttakohën |
| 1st plur. | *virut'akmëk *virut'akmak |
*viruttëimëk *viruttëimak |
*viruttakadëmëk *viruttakadamak |
*viruttakodëmëk *viruttakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *virut'aktëk *virut'aktak |
*viruttëidëk *viruttëidak |
*viruttakadë *viruttakada |
*viruttagot'ëk *viruttakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *viruttabat *virutta |
*viruttëi | *viruttakahën | *viruttakohën |
| passive | *virut'aksën *virut'at'aksën |
*viruttatihën *virut'attihën |
*viruttatagasën *virut'attagasën |
*viruttatagosën *virut'attagosën |
| connegative | *virut'ak | — | *viruttagak | *viruttagok |
| passive connegative | *virut'aktak | — | *viruttatagak *virut'attagak |
*viruttatagok *virut'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *virut'akcin | *viruttëicin | *viruttanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *virut'akcit | *viruttëicit | *viruttanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *virut'akci | *viruttëici | *viruttani | |
| 1st plur. | *virut'akcimëk *virut'akcimak |
*viruttëicimëk *viruttëicimak |
*viruttanëmëk *viruttanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *virut'akcidëk *virut'akcidak |
*viruttëicidëk *viruttëicidak |
*viruttanëdëk *viruttanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *virut'akci | *viruttëici | *viruttani | |
| passive | *viruttadakcisën *virut'at'akcisën |
*viruttaticisën *virut'atticisën |
*viruttatanësën *virut'attanësën | |
| connegative | *virut'akcik | *viruttëicik | *viruttanëk | |
| passive connegative | *viruttadakcik *virut'at'akcik |
*viruttaticik *virut'atticik |
*viruttatanëk *virut'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *viruttadak | present | *viruttapa | *viruttataba *virut'attaba |
| infinitive 2 | *viruttatë- | past | *viruttanut | *viruttatu *virut'attu |
| gerund/supine | *viruttama | |||
| action noun | *viruttaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: virutama/virutada
- Finnish: viruttaa
- Ingrian: veruttaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: viruttua
- South Karelian: viruttua
- Livonian: vie’rtõ
- Livvi: viruttua
- Võro: virotama/virotaq
- Votic: virutta
References
- Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*viru-tta-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “virutama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “viruttaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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