< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karvas

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *harwaz (whence German herb) [1]. Alternatively, and less likely, from the same root as *karkëda.

Adjective

*karvas

  1. bitter (having an acrid taste)
    Synonym: *kackëra, *karkëda, *kirpedä

Inflection
Inflection of *karvas
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *karvas *karvahët
accusative *karvahën *karvahët
genitive *karvahën *karvastën
*karvahidën
partitive *karvasta *karvahita
inessive *karvahëssa
*karvahëhna		 *karvahissa
*karvahihna
elative *karvahësta *karvahista
illative *karvahësën *karvahisën
adessive *karvahëlla *karvahilla
ablative *karvahëlta *karvahilta
allative *karvahëlën
*karvahëlëk		 *karvahilën
*karvahilëk
essive *karvassa *karvahina
translative *karvahëksi *karvahiksi
instructive *karvahën *karvahin
comitative *karvassëk *karvahinëk
abessive *karvahëtta *karvahitta

Descendants
  • Finnish: karvas
  • Livonian:
    • Courland Livonian: kǭraz
    • Vidzeme Livonian: karas

Further reading
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “karvas”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

References
  1. Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “karvas”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎ (in Finnish), retrieved 2022-12-31
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