< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸlengeti
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
A conflation of Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ- (“light; move lightly”) and another verb with initial *ɸ derived from the root of Proto-Germanic *springaną.[3][4] See the Proto-Germanic entry for further etymology.
Declension
Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Active voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *ɸlengū | *ɸlengemam | *ɸiblanxsū | *ɸleblonga |
2nd singular | *ɸlengesi | *ɸlengetās | *ɸiblanxsesi | *ɸleblongas? |
3rd singular | *ɸlengeti | *ɸlengeto | *ɸiblanxseti | *ɸleblonge |
1st plural | *ɸlengomosi | *ɸlengemo | *ɸiblanxsomosi | *ɸleblongmo |
2nd plural | *ɸlengetesi | *ɸlengestē | *ɸiblanxsetesi | *ɸleblonxte |
3rd plural | *ɸlengonti | *ɸlengento | *ɸiblanxsonti | *ɸleblongar |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *ɸlenxsū | ? | — | |
2nd singular | *ɸlenxsesi | ? | *ɸlenge | |
3rd singular | *ɸlenxseti | ? | *ɸlengetou | |
1st plural | *ɸlenxsomosi | ? | *ɸlengomos | |
2nd plural | *ɸlenxsetesi | ? | *ɸlengete | |
3rd plural | *ɸlenxsonti | ? | *ɸlengontou | |
Passive voice | ||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
1st singular | *ɸlengūr | — | *ɸiblanxsūr | — |
2nd singular | *ɸlengetar | — | *ɸiblanxsetar | — |
3rd singular | *ɸlengetor | ? | *ɸiblanxsetor | — |
1st plural | *ɸlengommor | — | *ɸiblanxsommor | — |
2nd plural | *ɸlengedwe | — | *ɸiblanxsedwe | — |
3rd plural | *ɸlengontor | ? | *ɸiblanxsontor | — |
Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
1st singular | *ɸlenxsūr | — | — | |
2nd singular | *ɸlenxsetar | — | — | |
3rd singular | *ɸlenxsetor | — | — | |
1st plural | *ɸlenxsommor | — | — | |
2nd plural | *ɸlenxsedwe | — | — | |
3rd plural | *ɸlenxsontor | — | — |
Declension of the past participle | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ɸlanxtos | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtoi |
vocative | *ɸlanxte | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtoi |
accusative | *ɸlanxtom | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtoms |
genitive | *ɸlanxtī | *ɸlanxtous | *ɸlanxtom |
dative | *ɸlanxtūi | *ɸlanxtobom | *ɸlanxtobos |
instrumental | *ɸlanxtū | *ɸlanxtobim | *ɸlanxtobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ɸlanxtā | *ɸlanxtai | *ɸlanxtās |
vocative | *ɸlanxtā | *ɸlanxtai | *ɸlanxtās |
accusative | *ɸlanxtam | *ɸlanxtai | *ɸlanxtams |
genitive | *ɸlanxtās | *ɸlanxtous | *ɸlanxtom |
dative | *ɸlanxtai | *ɸlanxtābom | *ɸlanxtābos |
instrumental | *? | *ɸlanxtābim | *ɸlanxtābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ɸlanxtom | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtā |
vocative | *ɸlanxtom | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtā |
accusative | *ɸlanxtom | *ɸlanxtou | *ɸlanxtā |
genitive | *ɸlanxtī | *ɸlanxtous | *ɸlanxtom |
dative | *ɸlanxtūi | *ɸlanxtobom | *ɸlanxtobos |
instrumental | *ɸlanxtū | *ɸlanxtobim | *ɸlanxtobis |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*leng-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 237
- Koch, John (2004) “*long-(e)je/o-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 188
- Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, 3.1.74, page 245
- Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 522-524
- Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “ling-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 203
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