Reconstruction:Latin/volvitare

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Alternative reconstructions

*voltāre

Etymology

From *volvitus (“spun”) +‎ -āre (verb-forming suffix), with early loss of unstressed /ĭ/. The form *volvitus would represent a 'vulgar' past participle for Latin volvere (“to spin”).

Alternatively a direct phonetic development from the Classical frequentative volūtāre (> *vol(ŭ)tāre). It would be somewhat unusual, as this type of unstressed vowel reduction in the second syllable of tetrasyllabic paroxytones is generally counteracted in verbs due to analogy with proparoxytonic inflections (e.g. Latin volū́tat 'he rolls').

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /βolˈtare/

Verb

*volvitāre (Proto-Romance)

roll, turn

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: voltare
- Neapolitan: votare
- Sicilian: vutari
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: vortare, voltare
North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Old Lombard: vultar
  - Piedmontese: volté
- Friulian: voltâ
- Istriot: vultà
- Ladin: outé
- Venetian: voltar, oltar
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: voltar
- Old French: vouter, vuter
- Occitan: voutá, vooutá (both Provençal)
Ibero-Romance:
- Galician: voltar
- Portuguese: voltar

References

Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “*vŏlvĭtāre, *vŏltāre”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 722
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*vŏlvĭtare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 14: U–Z, page 627

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