Capitolium

English

Etymology

From Latin Capitōlium (Capitoline Hill, its temples; similar citadels), from the oblique stem of caput (head) + (forming nouns) or -ōlus (-ole: forming diminutives) + -ium (forming location names).

Proper noun

Capitolium

  1. (uncommon) Synonym of Capitoline Hill.

Noun

Capitolium (plural Capitolia)

  1. (historical, uncommon) Synonym of capitol, similar citadels in ancient Italian and Roman towns.

Latin

The Capitoline Hill as seen from the south under Constantine the Great, Museum of Roman Civilization
The Capitoline Hill today, as seen from the west

Etymology

From the oblique stem of caput (head) + (forming nouns) or -ōlus (-ole: forming diminutives) + -ium (forming location names). Compare capito and capitulum.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension

  1. The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter), singular only.

Case Singular
Nominative Capitōlium
Genitive Capitōliī
Capitōlī1
Dative Capitōliō
Accusative Capitōlium
Ablative Capitōliō
Vocative Capitōlium

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Inherited forms:
    • Old French: capitoile, capitolie
    • Italian: Campidoglio
    • Old Occitan: capdolh
    • Sicilian: Capitugghiu
  • Borrowings:

Noun

Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension

  1. (figurative) Any eternal thing.
  2. (figurative) Any similar citadel in other towns.
  3. (Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) Any pagan temple.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative Capitōlium Capitōlia
Genitive Capitōliī
Capitōlī1
Capitōliōrum
Dative Capitōliō Capitōliīs
Accusative Capitōlium Capitōlia
Ablative Capitōliō Capitōliīs
Vocative Capitōlium Capitōlia

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

References

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