Capitolium
English
Etymology
From Latin Capitōlium (“Capitoline Hill, its temples; similar citadels”), from the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (“forming nouns”) or -ōlus (“-ole: forming diminutives”) + -ium (“forming location names”).
Latin
Etymology
From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (“forming nouns”) or -ōlus (“-ole: forming diminutives”) + -ium (“forming location names”). Compare capito and capitulum.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ka.piˈtoː.li.um/, [käpɪˈt̪oːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ka.piˈto.li.um/, [käpiˈt̪ɔːlium]
Proper noun
Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension
- The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter), singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | Capitōlium |
Genitive | Capitōliī Capitōlī1 |
Dative | Capitōliō |
Accusative | Capitōlium |
Ablative | Capitōliō |
Vocative | Capitōlium |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Synonyms
- Capitolinus, Mons Capitolinus, Clivus Capitolinus; Mons Saturnius, Mons Tarpeius (historical)
Derived terms
- Capitolinus
- Capitolium Vetus
Descendants
- Inherited forms:
- Old French: capitoile, capitolie
- Italian: Campidoglio
- Old Occitan: capdolh
- Auvergnat: Chaptuèlh
- → French: Chapteuil
- Auvergnat: Chaptuèlh
- Sicilian: Capitugghiu
- Borrowings:
- → English: Capitolium (learned)
- → Portuguese: Capitólio (learned)
- → Sicilian: Capitùliu (learned)
- → Spanish: Capitolio (learned)
Noun
Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī); second declension
- (figurative) Any eternal thing.
- (figurative) Any similar citadel in other towns.
- (Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) Any pagan temple.
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | Capitōlium | Capitōlia |
Genitive | Capitōliī Capitōlī1 |
Capitōliōrum |
Dative | Capitōliō | Capitōliīs |
Accusative | Capitōlium | Capitōlia |
Ablative | Capitōliō | Capitōliīs |
Vocative | Capitōlium | Capitōlia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “capitŏlium”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 265
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