-che

See also: Appendix:Variations of "che"

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

  • -elche (see notes below)
  • -je (Ripuarian only; see notes below)

Etymology

From Old High German -ihhīn, from Proto-Germanic *-ikīną, a double diminutive, from *-ikaz + *-īną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɕə/

Suffix

-che (plural -cher)

  1. forms a diminutive noun
    Stadt (town, city) + -cheStädtche (little town)

Usage notes

  • All diminutive nouns are normally neuter (as in German). However, some dialects may treat diminutives according to the gender of the basic noun (as in Luxembourgish).
  • Nouns whose stem ends in a back consonant, namely -ch, -g, -k, -ng, or -sch, mostly use the extended suffix -elche: Bröck (bridge)Bröggelche. In Ripuarian, an etymological distinction is usually followed, according to which the extended suffix follows only original back consonants but not ones that derive from Old High German (OHG) alveolars; hence: Weng (wine) from OHG wīnWengche (not *Wengelche); Wursch (sausage) from OHG wurstWürschje (not *Würschelche). There is a certain degree of variation in both directions.
  • After -f, -s, -ß, -v, and -sch (if applicable), the suffix -che becomes -je in Ripuarian, but not in Moselle Franconian; hence: Foß (foot) → Ripuarian Fößje, Moselle Franconian Feßche.

Derived terms

Central Franconian terms suffixed with -che

Khumi Chin

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃe˩/

Suffix

-che

  1. Khimi Chin form of -ce

References

  • R. Shafer (1944) “Khimi Grammar and Vocabulary”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, volume 11, number 2, page 415

Nivaclé

Alternative forms

Suffix

-che (plural -chei)

  1. feminine suffix
    nivacle (man) + -chenivacche (woman)

Usage notes

  • The principal allomorph -che can also prepend an epenthetic i when is attached to a noun ending with two consonants.
  • After m, o and ô the allomorph -que is used.
  • In addition to the above, there is also a rare allomorph -e which normally (but not always) applies to nouns already derived via a suffix.

See also

References

  • Fabre, Alain (2016) Gramática de la lengua Nivacle (familia Mataguayo, Chaco Paraguayo) (Lincom Studies in Native American Linguistics 78) (in Spanish), Munich: Lincom, →ISBN.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Old High German -ihhīn, from Proto-Germanic *-ikīną, a double diminutive, from *-ikaz + *-īną. Compare German -chen, Dutch -ke.

Suffix

-che (plural -cher)

  1. (diminutive) -let, -ling, -kin

Derived terms

Pennsylvania German terms suffixed with -che

Uyghur

Suffix

-che

  1. Latin spelling of ـچە (-che, equivalence case suffix, noun-forming suffix)

Ye'kwana

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [-t͡ʃe]

Suffix

-che

  1. Allomorph of -ke (adverbializer) used for stems that end in i.
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