-TʼEʼ
Navajo
Etymology 1
From Proto-Athabaskan *tʼe (“to be thus”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna ntʼae (“it is”), neltʼeʼ (“there are many”), Chipewyan bénɛłtʼɛ (“you're like him”).
Root
-TʼEʼ
1. to be
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
∅ | adjectival |
S is thus |
|||||
l | adjectival |
S is a certain number
|
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ł | adjectival |
S is similar, is like |
2. Various meanings depending on thematic prefix
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hashtʼe + ∅ |
S is calm or ready
|
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P + ni + ł |
S causes P to lose everything
|
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shó + ∅ |
S is acquired
|
S acquires O |
Stem set
Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOM | -tʼeeh | -tʼeʼ | -tʼeeł | -tʼeeh | -tʼeeh |
NEUT | -tʼé | - | - | - | - |
ABS | -tʼé | - | - | - | - |
COMP | -tʼeʼ | - | - | - | - |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼEʼ (be)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Athabaskan *tʼə̓qʼ (“animate or stick-like object moves”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna tiiłtʼak (“I threw it away (a stick)”), Koyukon kʼəltʼəx (“to hit something with a stick”).
Also occurs in Navajo along with hi-seriative in a motion theme related to hopping (literally, to “throw” oneself successively).
Root
-TʼEʼ
- to propel a slender stiff object (SSO) or animate object (AnO)
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O + ł | motion |
S propels SSO/AnO |
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O + ł | successive |
S hits SSO/AnO (against P)
|
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hi + d | motion |
S hops
|
Stem set
Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOM | -tʼeʼ | -tʼeʼ | -tʼeeł | -tʼeeh | -tʼeʼ |
CONT | -tʼeʼ | -tʼeʼ | -tʼeeł | -tʼeeh | -tʼeʼ |
REP | -tʼeeh | - | - | - | - |
SEM | -tʼeeh | -tʼeeh | -tʼeeh | -tʼeeh | -tʼeeh |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼEʼ (propel SSO/AnO)