-TʼEʼ

See also: -tʼeʼ and Appendix:Variations of "te"

Etymology 1

From Proto-Athabaskan *tʼe (to be thus).

Cognate root found in Ahtna ntʼae (it is), neltʼeʼ (there are many), Chipewyan bénɛłtʼɛ (you're like him).

Root

-TʼEʼ

  1. to be

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
adjectival

S is thus

l adjectival

S is a certain number

  • yistʼeʼ
  • díkwíltʼeeh
  • yiltʼé (NEUT-ABS)
    • díkwíltʼé
    • tʼááłah diltʼéhé
    • ndiltʼé
    • táltʼé
    • dį́ltʼé
    • ashdlaltʼé
    • hastą́ltʼé
    • tsostsʼiltʼé
    • tseebíltʼé
    • náhástʼéltʼé
    • neeználtʼé
  • néeltʼeʼ (NEUT-COMP)
  • ánéeltʼeʼ
  • ákónéeltʼeʼ
  • kónéeltʼeʼ
  • aheenéeltʼeʼ
ł adjectival

S is similar, is like

  2. Various meanings depending on thematic prefix

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
hashtʼe + ∅

S is calm or ready

  • hashtʼehoditʼeeh
  • hashtʼeetʼé
  • hashtʼedítʼé
P + ni + ł

S causes P to lose everything

  • yiniłtʼeeh
shó + ∅

S is acquired

  • shóotʼeeh

S acquires O

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -tʼeeh -tʼeʼ -tʼeeł -tʼeeh -tʼeeh
NEUT -tʼé - - - -
ABS -tʼé - - - -
COMP -tʼeʼ - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to be:

 
 
Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼEʼ (be)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Athabaskan *tʼə̓qʼ (animate or stick-like object moves).

Cognate root found in Ahtna tiiłtʼak (I threw it away (a stick)), Koyukon kʼəltʼəx (to hit something with a stick).

Also occurs in Navajo along with hi-seriative in a motion theme related to hopping (literally, to “throw” oneself successively).

Root

-TʼEʼ

  1. to propel a slender stiff object (SSO) or animate object (AnO)
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
O + ł motion

S propels SSO/AnO

O + ł successive

S hits SSO/AnO (against P)

  • yííníiłtʼeʼ (yíníi-, semelf.)
  • yíidiłtʼeʼ (REP)
  • nikíidiłtʼeʼ
  • yíidiiłtʼeʼ (SEM)
  • nikíidiiłtʼeʼ
hi + d motion

S hops

  • hitʼeʼ (∅-MOM)
  • ahitʼeʼ
  • hiditʼeʼ
  • hidiitʼeʼ
  • hahatʼeʼ
  • yisdáhátʼeʼ
  • heetʼeʼ (ni-MOM)
  • chʼíheetʼeʼ
  • niheetʼeʼ
  • nahatʼeʼ (CONT)
  • hootʼeeł (PROG)

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -tʼeʼ -tʼeʼ -tʼeeł -tʼeeh -tʼeʼ
CONT -tʼeʼ -tʼeʼ -tʼeeł -tʼeeh -tʼeʼ
REP -tʼeeh - - - -
SEM -tʼeeh -tʼeeh -tʼeeh -tʼeeh -tʼeeh

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

AnO verbs:

  • -TĮ́ (handle AnO)
  • -GOʼ (AnO moves)
  • -TŁIZH (AnO moves)
  • -TĮ́ (AnO lies — 1S)
  • -TÉÉZH (AnO lie — 2S)
  • -JÉÉʼ (AnO lie — 3+S)
 

SSO verbs:

to hop:

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼEʼ (propel SSO/AnO)

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