-ощі

Inherited from Old East Slavic -ощи (-ošči), from hypothetical Proto-Slavic *-ošča, from *-ostь + *-ja. Words featuring this suffix were originally used in insturmental plural and functioned as adverbs: Old East Slavic жалощами (žaloščami, “pitifully, mournfully”), радощами (radoščami, “happily, gladly, joyfully”), other forms such as Old East Slavic радощи (radošči) (nominative plural) and Old Church Slavonic радоща (radošta) (nominative singular) are probably secondary. [1]

• IPA^(key): [ˈɔʃt͡ʃʲi]

-ощі • (-ošči)

1. -ness (deadjectival nominalizing suffix used to create nouns, that denote quality or state);

   ‎ра́дий (rádyj, “happy, glad, joyful”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎ра́дощі (rádošči, “happiness, joy; the state of being happy”)

   ‎(obsolete) ліний (linyj, “lazy”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎лі́нощі (línošči, “laziness”)

   ‎хи́трий (xýtryj, “cunning, sly”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎хи́трощі (xýtrošči, “cunningness, slyness”)

2. deadjectival suffix used to create nouns, denoting something that is qualified by the adjective;

   ‎ра́дий (rádyj, “happy, glad, joyful”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎ра́дощі (rádošči, “joy; something that causes happiness”)

   ‎при́крий (prýkryj, “unpleasant, unfortunate”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎при́крощі (prýkrošči, “troubles, misfortunes, mishap”)

   ‎соло́дкий (solódkyj, “sweet”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎со́лодощі (sólodošči, “sweets”)

   ‎тонки́й (tonkýj, “subtle, thin”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎то́нкощі (tónkošči, “subtleties, details”)

   ‎кра́йній (krájnij, “extreme, utmost”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎кра́йнощі (krájnošči, “extremities, extreme measures”)

3. suffix used to create deverbal nouns;

   ‎ле́стити (léstyty, “to flatter”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎ле́стощі (léstošči, “flattery”)

   ‎пе́стити (péstyty, “to caress, to fondle”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎пе́стощі (péstošči, “caressing, fondling, petting”)

   ‎па́хнути (páxnuty, “to smell”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎па́хощі (páxošči, “fragrances, pleasant smells”)

4. appended to nouns with no significant semantic changes;

   ‎нутро́ (nutró, “insides, viscera”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎ну́трощі (nútrošči, “insides, viscera”)

   ‎відра́да (vidráda, “joy, delight”) + ‎-ощі (-ošči) → ‎відра́дощі (vidrádošči, “joy, delight”)