𒋻𒌑𒍣

Hittite
𒋻𒌑𒍣
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Etymology

From Proto-Anatolian *tarkʷtˢi, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”). Cognates include Sanskrit तर्कु (tarkú), Latin torqueō and Old Church Slavonic тракъ (trakŭ).

Verb

𒋻𒌑𒍣 • (tar-ú-zi) (3rd person singular present)

  1. to perform a round dance, to dance in twisting manner

Inflection
Broad transcription
First conjugation
Nominal forms
Infinitive tarukuanzi
tːarkːʷwant͡si
Participle tarukanz
tːarkːʷant͡s
Noun tarukuar
tːarkːʷwr̩
Supine tarukuan
tːarkːʷwn̩
Active Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg tarumi tarukun tarukallu
tːarumi tːarkːʷɔn tːarkːʷallu
2.sg taruši tarut taru
tːarusi tːarut tːaru
3.sg taruzi tarut tarudu
tːarut͡si tːarut tːarutu
1.pl tarukueni tarukuen tarukueni
tːarkːʷwɛni tːarkːʷwɛn tːarkːʷwɛni
2.pl taruteni taruten taruten
tːarutɛni tːarutɛn tːarutɛn
3.pl tarukanzi taruker tarukandu
tːarkːʷant͡si tːarkːʷɛr tːarkːʷantu
Middle Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg taruḫari taruḫat taruḫaru
tːaruχari tːaruχad tːaruχaru
2.sg tarutari tarutat taruḫut
tːarutari tːarutad tːaruχɔd
3.sg tarukari, tarutari tarutat tarukaru, tarutaru
tːarkːʷaːri, tːarutari tːarutad tːarkːʷaru, tːarutaru
1.pl tarukuašta tarukuaštat tarukuaštat
tːarkːʷwasta tːarkːʷwastad tːarkːʷwastad
2.pl taruduma tarudumat tarutumat
tːarutuma tːarutumad tːarutumad
3.pl tarukantari tarukantat tarukantaru
tːarkːʷantari tːarkːʷantad tːarkːʷantaru
Cuneiform script
First conjugation
Nominal forms
Infinitive 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒀭𒍣
tar-ku-u-wa-an-zi
Participle 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀭𒍝
tar-ku-a-an-za
Noun 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒅈
tar-ku-u-wa-ar
Supine 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒀭
tar-ku-u-wa-an
Active Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg 𒋻𒌑𒈪 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒌦 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀠𒇻
tar-ú-mi tar-ku-u-un tar-ku-a-al-lu
2.sg 𒋻𒌑𒅆 𒋻𒌑𒋫 𒋻𒌑
tar-ú-ši tar-ú-ta tar-ú
3.sg 𒋻𒌑𒍣 𒋻𒌑𒋫 𒋻𒌑𒁺
tar-ú-zi tar-ú-ta tar-ú-du
1.pl 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒂊𒉌 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒂗 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒂊𒉌
tar-ku-u-e-ni tar-ku-u-en tar-ku-u-e-ni
2.pl 𒋻𒌑𒋼𒉌 𒋻𒌑𒋼𒂗 𒋻𒌑𒋼𒂗
tar-ú-te-ni tar-ú-te-en tar-ú-te-en
3.pl 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀭𒍣 𒋻𒆪𒂊𒅕 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀭𒁺
tar-ku-a-an-zi tar-ku-e-er tar-ku-a-an-du
Middle Present Aorist Imperative
1.sg 𒋻𒌑𒄩𒊑 𒋻𒌑𒄩𒀜 𒋻𒌑𒄩𒊒
tar-ú-ḫa-ri tar-ú-ḫa-at tar-ú-ḫa-ru
2.sg 𒋻𒌑𒋫𒊑 𒋻𒌑𒋫𒀜 𒋻𒌑𒄷𒌓
tar-ú-ta-ri tar-ú-ta-at tar-ú-ḫu-ut
3.sg 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒊑, 𒋻𒌑𒋫𒊑 𒋻𒌑𒋫𒀜 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒊒, 𒋻𒌑𒋫𒊒
tar-ku-a-ri, tar-ú-ta-ri tar-ú-ta-at tar-ku-a-ru, tar-ú-ta-ru
1.pl 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒀸𒋫 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒀸𒋫𒀜 𒋻𒆪𒌋𒉿𒀸𒋫𒀜
tar-ku-u-wa-aš-ta tar-ku-u-wa-aš-ta-at tar-ku-u-wa-aš-ta-at
2.pl 𒋻𒌑𒁺𒈠 𒋻𒌑𒁺𒈠𒀜 𒋻𒌑𒌅𒈠𒀜
tar-ú-du-ma tar-ú-du-ma-at tar-ú-tu-ma-at
3.pl 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀭𒋫𒊑 𒋻𒆪𒀀𒀭𒋫𒀜 𒀀𒀭𒋫𒊒
tar-ku-a-an-ta-ri tar-ku-a-an-ta-at tar-ku-a-an-ta-ru

Descendants
  • → Akkadian: 𒅴𒁄 (/⁠targumannu, turgumannu⁠/, “interpreter”) (possibly)

References
  1. Arabic having borrowed تَرْجُمَان (tarjumān) is already suspected by Fraenkel but he knew no Akkadian and the Anatolian languages were unknown in his time. Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 280
  2. Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 579
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