𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂

Pali

Alternative forms

Pronoun

𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂

  1. Brahmi script form of amhe (we, us), which is nominative/accusative plural of 𑀅𑀳𑀁 (ahaṃ)

Prakrit

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अस्मे (asmé, locative of वयम् (vayám, we)). First attested in Middle Indo-Aryan as Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (aphe). Cognate with Magadhi Prakrit 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫𑁂 (asme), Pali amhe.

Pronoun

𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe) (Devanagari अम्हे, Kannada ಅಮ್ಹೇ) (Maharastri, Sauraseni)

  1. we
    Synonym: (Jain Maharastri) 𑀯𑀬𑀁 (vayaṃ)

Declension

Maharastri declension of 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂
Singular Plural
Nominative 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe)
Accusative 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe)
Instrumental 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (amhehiṃ)
Dative
Ablative 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (amhehiṃto)
Genitive 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (amhāṇaṃ)
Locative 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (amhesu)
Vocative
Note: Many of these forms may be unattested.

Descendants

  • Garhwali: हम (ham)
  • Gujarati: અમે (ame)
  • Konkani: āmi
    Devanagari script: आमि
    Kannada script: ಆಮಿ
    Latin script: ami
  • Old Marathi:
    Modi script: 𑘁𑘦𑘲𑘽 (āmīṃ), 𑘁𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘲 (āmhī)
    Devanagari script: आमीं (āmīṃ), आम्ही (āmhī)
  • Nepali: हामी (hāmī)
  • Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃), ਅਸਾਂ (asā̃)
    Shahmukhi script: اسیں, اساں
  • Romani: amen, ame
    • Kalo Finnish Romani: ame
  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa: अम्हे
  • Saurashtra: ꢂꢪꢶ (ami)
  • Sindhi:
    Arabic script: اسين, اسان
    Devanagari script: असीं, असां

Further reading

  • E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa, London: Trübner & Co., page 155
  • Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 299.
  • Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 39.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “amhē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 43
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