자랑하다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 쟈라ᇰ〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: cyàláng-hòtá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠ɾa̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [자랑하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jaranghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jalanghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | charanghada |
| Yale Romanization? | calanghata |
Verb
자랑하다 • (jaranghada) (infinitive 자랑해 or 자랑하여, sequential 자랑하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 자랑하다 (jaranghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 자랑한다 jaranghanda |
자랑해 jaranghae |
자랑해요 jaranghaeyo |
자랑합니다 jaranghamnida |
| Past | 자랑했다 jaranghaetda |
자랑했어 jaranghaesseo |
자랑했어요 jaranghaesseoyo |
자랑했습니다 jaranghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 자랑하느냐 jaranghaneunya |
자랑해 jaranghae |
자랑해요 jaranghaeyo |
자랑합니까 jaranghamnikka |
| Past | 자랑했느냐 jaranghaenneunya |
자랑했어 jaranghaesseo |
자랑했어요 jaranghaesseoyo |
자랑했습니까 jaranghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 자랑하자 jaranghaja | 자랑해 jaranghae | 자랑해요 jaranghaeyo | 자랑하십시다 jaranghasipsida | |
| Imperative | 자랑해라, 자랑하여라 jaranghaera, jaranghayeora | 자랑해 jaranghae | 자랑해요 jaranghaeyo | 자랑합시오 jaranghapsio | |
| Assertive | 자랑하겠다 jaranghagetda | 자랑하겠어 jaranghagesseo | 자랑하겠어요 jaranghagesseoyo | 자랑하겠습니다 jaranghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 자랑해 jaranghae | 자랑해서, 자랑하여서 jaranghaeseo, jaranghayeoseo | 자랑하니 jaranghani | 자랑하니까 jaranghanikka | |
| Contrast | 자랑하지만 jaranghajiman | 자랑하는데 jaranghaneunde | 자랑하더니 jaranghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 자랑하고 jaranghago | ||||
| Condition | 자랑하면 jaranghamyeon | 자랑해야, 자랑하여야 jaranghaeya, jaranghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 자랑하려고 jarangharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 자랑함 jarangham | 자랑하기 jaranghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 자랑했음, 자랑하였음 jaranghaesseum, jaranghayeosseum | 자랑했기, 자랑하였기 jaranghaetgi, jaranghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 자랑한 jaranghan | |||
| Present | 자랑하는 jaranghaneun | ||||
| Future | 자랑할 jaranghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 자랑하신다 jaranghasinda |
자랑하셔 jaranghasyeo |
자랑하세요, 자랑하셔요 jaranghaseyo, jaranghasyeoyo |
자랑하십니다 jaranghasimnida |
| Past | 자랑하셨다 jaranghasyeotda |
자랑하셨어 jaranghasyeosseo |
자랑하셨어요 jaranghasyeosseoyo |
자랑하셨습니다 jaranghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 자랑하시느냐 jaranghasineunya |
자랑하셔 jaranghasyeo |
자랑하세요, 자랑하셔요 jaranghaseyo, jaranghasyeoyo |
자랑하십니까 jaranghasimnikka |
| Past | 자랑하셨느냐 jaranghasyeonneunya |
자랑하셨어 jaranghasyeosseo |
자랑하셨어요 jaranghasyeosseoyo |
자랑하셨습니까 jaranghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 자랑하시라 jaranghasira | 자랑하셔 jaranghasyeo | 자랑하세요 jaranghaseyo | 자랑하십시오 jaranghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 자랑하시겠다 jaranghasigetda | 자랑하시겠어 jaranghasigesseo | 자랑하시겠어요 jaranghasigesseoyo | 자랑하시겠습니다 jaranghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 자랑하셔 jaranghasyeo | 자랑하셔서 jaranghasyeoseo | 자랑하시니 jaranghasini | 자랑하시니까 jaranghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 자랑하시지만 jaranghasijiman | 자랑하시는데 jaranghasineunde | 자랑하시더니 jaranghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 자랑하시고 jaranghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 자랑하시면 jaranghasimyeon | 자랑하셔야 jaranghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 자랑하시려고 jaranghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 자랑하심 jaranghasim | 자랑하시기 jaranghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 자랑하셨음 jaranghasyeosseum | 자랑하셨기 jaranghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 자랑하신 jaranghasin | |||
| Present | 자랑하시는 jaranghasineun | ||||
| Future | 자랑하실 jaranghasil | ||||
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