웃다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 웃〯다〮 (Yale: wǔs-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈu(ː)t̚t͈a̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [욷(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | utda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | usda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | utta |
| Yale Romanization? | wūsta |
Verb
| Base | 웃다 (utda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 웃기다 (utgida) |
웃다 • (utda) (infinitive 웃어, sequential 웃으니) (transitive, intransitive)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 웃다 (utda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 웃는다 unneunda |
웃어 useo |
웃어요 useoyo |
웃습니다 utseumnida |
| Past | 웃었다 useotda |
웃었어 useosseo |
웃었어요 useosseoyo |
웃었습니다 useotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 웃느냐 unneunya |
웃어 useo |
웃어요 useoyo |
웃습니까 utseumnikka |
| Past | 웃었느냐 useonneunya |
웃었어 useosseo |
웃었어요 useosseoyo |
웃었습니까 useotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 웃자 utja | 웃어 useo | 웃어요 useoyo | 웃으십시다 useusipsida | |
| Imperative | 웃어라 useora | 웃어 useo | 웃어요 useoyo | 웃읍시오 useupsio | |
| Assertive | 웃겠다 utgetda | 웃겠어 utgesseo | 웃겠어요 utgesseoyo | 웃겠습니다 utgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 웃어 useo | 웃어서 useoseo | 웃으니 useuni | 웃으니까 useunikka | |
| Contrast | 웃지만 utjiman | 웃는데 unneunde | 웃더니 utdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 웃고 utgo | ||||
| Condition | 웃으면 useumyeon | 웃어야 useoya | |||
| Motive | 웃으려고 useuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 웃음 useum | 웃기 utgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 웃었음 useosseum | 웃었기 useotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 웃은 useun | |||
| Present | 웃는 unneun | ||||
| Future | 웃을 useul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 웃으신다 useusinda |
웃으셔 useusyeo |
웃으세요, 웃으셔요 useuseyo, useusyeoyo |
웃으십니다 useusimnida |
| Past | 웃으셨다 useusyeotda |
웃으셨어 useusyeosseo |
웃으셨어요 useusyeosseoyo |
웃으셨습니다 useusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 웃으시느냐 useusineunya |
웃으셔 useusyeo |
웃으세요, 웃으셔요 useuseyo, useusyeoyo |
웃으십니까 useusimnikka |
| Past | 웃으셨느냐 useusyeonneunya |
웃으셨어 useusyeosseo |
웃으셨어요 useusyeosseoyo |
웃으셨습니까 useusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 웃으시라 useusira | 웃으셔 useusyeo | 웃으세요 useuseyo | 웃으십시오 useusipsio | |
| Assertive | 웃으시겠다 useusigetda | 웃으시겠어 useusigesseo | 웃으시겠어요 useusigesseoyo | 웃으시겠습니다 useusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 웃으셔 useusyeo | 웃으셔서 useusyeoseo | 웃으시니 useusini | 웃으시니까 useusinikka | |
| Contrast | 웃으시지만 useusijiman | 웃으시는데 useusineunde | 웃으시더니 useusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 웃으시고 useusigo | ||||
| Condition | 웃으시면 useusimyeon | 웃으셔야 useusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 웃으시려고 useusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 웃으심 useusim | 웃으시기 useusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 웃으셨음 useusyeosseum | 웃으셨기 useusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 웃으신 useusin | |||
| Present | 웃으시는 useusineun | ||||
| Future | 웃으실 useusil | ||||
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