배다
Korean
Etymology 1
First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean ᄇᆡ다 (Yale: poyta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈpe̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [배(ː)다/베(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | baeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | baeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | paeda |
| Yale Romanization? | pāyta |
Verb
배다 • (baeda) (infinitive 배 or 배어, sequential 배니)
- to soak into; to penetrate
- 셔츠에 땀이 배어 있다.
- syeocheue ttami baeeo itda.
- My shirt is soaked through with perspiration.
- to get used to; to get accustomed to
- 그의 근면함은 이미 어린 시절부터 몸에 밴 것이다.
- geuui geunmyeonhameun imi eorin sijeolbuteo mome baen geosida.
- His diligence is a habit he had acquired since he was young.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 배다 (baeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 밴다 baenda |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니다 baemnida |
| Past | 뱄다 baetda |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니다 baetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배느냐 baeneunya |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니까 baemnikka |
| Past | 뱄느냐 baenneunya |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니까 baetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 배자 baeja | 배 bae | 배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo | 배십시다 baesipsida | |
| Imperative | 배라, 배어라 baera, baeeora | 배 bae | 배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo | 뱁시오 baepsio | |
| Assertive | 배겠다 baegetda | 배겠어 baegesseo | 배겠어요 baegesseoyo | 배겠습니다 baegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배 bae | 배서, 배어서 baeseo, baeeoseo | 배니 baeni | 배니까 baenikka | |
| Contrast | 배지만 baejiman | 배는데 baeneunde | 배더니 baedeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배고 baego | ||||
| Condition | 배면 baemyeon | 배야, 배어야 baeya, baeeoya | |||
| Motive | 배려고 baeryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 뱀 baem | 배기 baegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 뱄음, 배었음 baesseum, baeeosseum | 뱄기, 배었기 baetgi, baeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 밴 baen | |||
| Present | 배는 baeneun | ||||
| Future | 밸 bael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 배신다 baesinda |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니다 baesimnida |
| Past | 배셨다 baesyeotda |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니다 baesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배시느냐 baesineunya |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니까 baesimnikka |
| Past | 배셨느냐 baesyeonneunya |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니까 baesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 배시라 baesira | 배셔 baesyeo | 배세요 baeseyo | 배십시오 baesipsio | |
| Assertive | 배시겠다 baesigetda | 배시겠어 baesigesseo | 배시겠어요 baesigesseoyo | 배시겠습니다 baesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배셔 baesyeo | 배셔서 baesyeoseo | 배시니 baesini | 배시니까 baesinikka | |
| Contrast | 배시지만 baesijiman | 배시는데 baesineunde | 배시더니 baesideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배시고 baesigo | ||||
| Condition | 배시면 baesimyeon | 배셔야 baesyeoya | |||
| Motive | 배시려고 baesiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 배심 baesim | 배시기 baesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 배셨음 baesyeosseum | 배셨기 baesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 배신 baesin | |||
| Present | 배시는 baesineun | ||||
| Future | 배실 baesil | ||||
Related terms
- 배이다 (baeida) (incorrect term)
- 배우다 (bae'uda, “to learn”) (causative)
Etymology 2
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄇᆡ다 (Yale: poyta). Cognate with 배 (bae, “belly”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈpe̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [배(ː)다/베(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | baeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | baeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | paeda |
| Yale Romanization? | pāyta |
Verb
배다 • (baeda) (infinitive 배 or 배어, sequential 배니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 배다 (baeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 밴다 baenda |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니다 baemnida |
| Past | 뱄다 baetda |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니다 baetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배느냐 baeneunya |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니까 baemnikka |
| Past | 뱄느냐 baenneunya |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니까 baetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 배자 baeja | 배 bae | 배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo | 배십시다 baesipsida | |
| Imperative | 배라, 배어라 baera, baeeora | 배 bae | 배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo | 뱁시오 baepsio | |
| Assertive | 배겠다 baegetda | 배겠어 baegesseo | 배겠어요 baegesseoyo | 배겠습니다 baegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배 bae | 배서, 배어서 baeseo, baeeoseo | 배니 baeni | 배니까 baenikka | |
| Contrast | 배지만 baejiman | 배는데 baeneunde | 배더니 baedeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배고 baego | ||||
| Condition | 배면 baemyeon | 배야, 배어야 baeya, baeeoya | |||
| Motive | 배려고 baeryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 뱀 baem | 배기 baegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 뱄음, 배었음 baesseum, baeeosseum | 뱄기, 배었기 baetgi, baeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 밴 baen | |||
| Present | 배는 baeneun | ||||
| Future | 밸 bael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 배신다 baesinda |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니다 baesimnida |
| Past | 배셨다 baesyeotda |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니다 baesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배시느냐 baesineunya |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니까 baesimnikka |
| Past | 배셨느냐 baesyeonneunya |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니까 baesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 배시라 baesira | 배셔 baesyeo | 배세요 baeseyo | 배십시오 baesipsio | |
| Assertive | 배시겠다 baesigetda | 배시겠어 baesigesseo | 배시겠어요 baesigesseoyo | 배시겠습니다 baesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배셔 baesyeo | 배셔서 baesyeoseo | 배시니 baesini | 배시니까 baesinikka | |
| Contrast | 배시지만 baesijiman | 배시는데 baesineunde | 배시더니 baesideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배시고 baesigo | ||||
| Condition | 배시면 baesimyeon | 배셔야 baesyeoya | |||
| Motive | 배시려고 baesiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 배심 baesim | 배시기 baesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 배셨음 baesyeosseum | 배셨기 baesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 배신 baesin | |||
| Present | 배시는 baesineun | ||||
| Future | 배실 baesil | ||||
Etymology 3
First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean ᄇᆡ다 (Yale: poyta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈpɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈpe̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [배(ː)다/베(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | baeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | baeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | paeda |
| Yale Romanization? | pāyta |
Adjective
배다 • (baeda) (infinitive 배 or 배어, sequential 배니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 배다 (baeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 배다 baeda |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니다 baemnida |
| Past | 뱄다 baetda |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니다 baetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배냐 baenya |
배 bae |
배요, 배어요 baeyo, baeeoyo |
뱁니까 baemnikka |
| Past | 뱄냐 baennya |
뱄어 baesseo |
뱄어요 baesseoyo |
뱄습니까 baetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 배겠다 baegetda | 배겠어 baegesseo | 배겠어요 baegesseoyo | 배겠습니다 baegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배 bae | 배서, 배어서 baeseo, baeeoseo | 배니 baeni | 배니까 baenikka | |
| Contrast | 배지만 baejiman | 밴데 baende | 배더니 baedeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배고 baego | ||||
| Condition | 배면 baemyeon | 배야, 배어야 baeya, baeeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 뱀 baem | 배기 baegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 뱄음, 배었음 baesseum, baeeosseum | 뱄기, 배었기 baetgi, baeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 밴 baen | |||
| Future | 밸 bael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 배시다 baesida |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니다 baesimnida |
| Past | 배셨다 baesyeotda |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니다 baesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 배시냐 baesinya |
배셔 baesyeo |
배세요, 배셔요 baeseyo, baesyeoyo |
배십니까 baesimnikka |
| Past | 배셨냐 baesyeonnya |
배셨어 baesyeosseo |
배셨어요 baesyeosseoyo |
배셨습니까 baesyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 배시겠다 baesigetda | 배시겠어 baesigesseo | 배시겠어요 baesigesseoyo | 배시겠습니다 baesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 배셔 baesyeo | 배셔서 baesyeoseo | 배시니 baesini | 배시니까 baesinikka | |
| Contrast | 배시지만 baesijiman | 배신데 baesinde | 배시더니 baesideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 배시고 baesigo | ||||
| Condition | 배시면 baesimyeon | 배셔야 baesyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 배심 baesim | 배시기 baesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 배셨음 baesyeosseum | 배셨기 baesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 배신 baesin | |||
| Future | 배실 baesil | ||||
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