반갑다
Jeju
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /pa̠nɡa̠p̚t͈a̠/
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Gyechuk ilgi (癸丑日記 / 계축일기), c. 1600 , as Early Modern Korean 반갑다 (Yale: pankapta). Derived from 반기— (ban'gi-, “to be glad about; to greet/welcome”) + 압 (-ap-) + —다 (-da, adjective ending).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pa̠nɡa̠p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [반갑따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ban'gapda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bangabda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pan'gapta |
| Yale Romanization? | pankapta |
Adjective
반갑다 • (ban'gapda) (irregular, infinitive 반가워, sequential 반가우니)
- to be glad, happy; pleasant; welcome
- 만나서 반갑습니다.
- mannaseo ban'gapseumnida.
- Pleased to meet you.
- 만나 뵙게 되어 반갑습니다.
- manna boepge doeeo ban'gapseumnida.
- Nice to meet you.
- 가: 나, 살 빼기로 결심했어. 나: 듣던 중 반가운 소리군요.
- ga: na, sal ppaegiro gyeolsimhaesseo. na: deutdeon jung ban'gaun sorigunyo.
- A: I decided to lose weight. B: That sounds great.
- 나로서는 그가 반갑지 않은 손님이었다.
- naroseoneun geuga ban'gapji aneun sonnimieotda.
- As far as I am concerned, he was unwelcome.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 반갑다 (ban'gapda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 반갑다 ban'gapda |
반가워 ban'gawo |
반가워요 ban'gawoyo |
반갑습니다 ban'gapseumnida |
| Past | 반가웠다 ban'gawotda |
반가웠어 ban'gawosseo |
반가웠어요 ban'gawosseoyo |
반가웠습니다 ban'gawotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 반가우냐 ban'gaunya |
반가워 ban'gawo |
반가워요 ban'gawoyo |
반갑습니까 ban'gapseumnikka |
| Past | 반가웠냐 ban'gawonnya |
반가웠어 ban'gawosseo |
반가웠어요 ban'gawosseoyo |
반가웠습니까 ban'gawotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 반갑겠다 ban'gapgetda | 반갑겠어 ban'gapgesseo | 반갑겠어요 ban'gapgesseoyo | 반갑겠습니다 ban'gapgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 반가워 ban'gawo | 반가워서 ban'gawoseo | 반가우니 ban'gauni | 반가우니까 ban'gaunikka | |
| Contrast | 반갑지만 ban'gapjiman | 반가운데 ban'gaunde | 반갑더니 ban'gapdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 반갑고 ban'gapgo | ||||
| Condition | 반가우면 ban'gaumyeon | 반가워야 ban'gawoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 반가움 ban'gaum | 반갑기 ban'gapgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 반가웠음 ban'gawosseum | 반가웠기 ban'gawotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 반가운 ban'gaun | |||
| Future | 반가울 ban'gaul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 반가우시다 ban'gausida |
반가우셔 ban'gausyeo |
반가우세요, 반가우셔요 ban'gauseyo, ban'gausyeoyo |
반가우십니다 ban'gausimnida |
| Past | 반가우셨다 ban'gausyeotda |
반가우셨어 ban'gausyeosseo |
반가우셨어요 ban'gausyeosseoyo |
반가우셨습니다 ban'gausyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 반가우시냐 ban'gausinya |
반가우셔 ban'gausyeo |
반가우세요, 반가우셔요 ban'gauseyo, ban'gausyeoyo |
반가우십니까 ban'gausimnikka |
| Past | 반가우셨냐 ban'gausyeonnya |
반가우셨어 ban'gausyeosseo |
반가우셨어요 ban'gausyeosseoyo |
반가우셨습니까 ban'gausyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 반가우시겠다 ban'gausigetda | 반가우시겠어 ban'gausigesseo | 반가우시겠어요 ban'gausigesseoyo | 반가우시겠습니다 ban'gausigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 반가우셔 ban'gausyeo | 반가우셔서 ban'gausyeoseo | 반가우시니 ban'gausini | 반가우시니까 ban'gausinikka | |
| Contrast | 반가우시지만 ban'gausijiman | 반가우신데 ban'gausinde | 반가우시더니 ban'gausideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 반가우시고 ban'gausigo | ||||
| Condition | 반가우시면 ban'gausimyeon | 반가우셔야 ban'gausyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 반가우심 ban'gausim | 반가우시기 ban'gausigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 반가우셨음 ban'gausyeosseum | 반가우셨기 ban'gausyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 반가우신 ban'gausin | |||
| Future | 반가우실 ban'gausil | ||||
Derived terms
- 반가움 (ban'gaum) (noun)
- 반가워하다 (ban'gawohada) (verb)
- 반가이 (ban'gai) (adverb)
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