물다

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 믈다〮 (Yale: mùl-tá).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [muɭda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [물다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	mulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	mulda
McCune–Reischauer^?	mulda
Yale Romanization^?	multa

Verb

Korean verb set
Base	물다 (mulda)
Causative	물리다 (mullida)
Passive	물리다 (mullida)

물다 • (mulda) (infinitive 물어, sequential 무니) (transitive)

to bite
to hold between one's teeth, to hold in one's mouth

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 물다 (mulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	문다 munda	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니다 mumnida
Indicative	Past	물었다 mureotda	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니다 mureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무느냐 muneunya	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니까 mumnikka
Interrogative	Past	물었느냐 mureonneunya	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니까 mureotseumnikka
Hortative		물자 mulja	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	무십시다 musipsida
Imperative		물어라 mureora	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅시오 mupsio
Assertive		물겠다 mulgetda	물겠어 mulgesseo	물겠어요 mulgesseoyo	물겠습니다 mulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물어 mureo	물어서 mureoseo	무니 muni	무니까 munikka
Contrast		물지만 muljiman	무는데 muneunde	물더니 muldeoni
Conjunction		물고 mulgo
Condition		물면 mulmyeon	물어야 mureoya
Motive		물려고 mullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		묾 mum	물기 mulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물었음 mureosseum	물었기 mureotgi
Determiners	Past	문 mun
	Present	무는 muneun
	Future	물 mul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무신다 musinda	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니다 musimnida
Indicative	Past	무셨다 musyeotda	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니다 musyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무시느냐 musineunya	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니까 musimnikka
Interrogative	Past	무셨느냐 musyeonneunya	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니까 musyeotseumnikka
Imperative		무시라 musira	무셔 musyeo	무세요 museyo	무십시오 musipsio
Assertive		무시겠다 musigetda	무시겠어 musigesseo	무시겠어요 musigesseoyo	무시겠습니다 musigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무셔 musyeo	무셔서 musyeoseo	무시니 musini	무시니까 musinikka
Contrast		무시지만 musijiman	무시는데 musineunde	무시더니 musideoni
Conjunction		무시고 musigo
Condition		무시면 musimyeon	무셔야 musyeoya
Motive		무시려고 musiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무심 musim	무시기 musigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무셨음 musyeosseum	무셨기 musyeotgi
Determiners	Past	무신 musin
	Present	무시는 musineun
	Future	무실 musil

Derived terms

깨물다 (kkaemulda)
맞물다 (manmulda)
물어떼다 (mureotteda)
물어뜯다 (mureotteutda)
빼물다 (ppaemulda)
악물다 (angmulda)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 물다 (Yale: mwul-ta).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [muɭda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [물다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	mulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	mulda
McCune–Reischauer^?	mulda
Yale Romanization^?	multa

Verb

Korean verb set
Base	물다 (mulda)
Causative	물리다 (mullida)

물다 • (mulda) (infinitive 물어, sequential 무니) (transitive)

to pay (a fee, tax, fine, penalty, interest, etc.)
to pay for, to compensate for (damage, etc.)
Synonyms: 변상(辨償)하다 (byeonsanghada), 배상(賠償)하다 (baesanghada)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 물다 (mulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	문다 munda	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니다 mumnida
Indicative	Past	물었다 mureotda	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니다 mureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무느냐 muneunya	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니까 mumnikka
Interrogative	Past	물었느냐 mureonneunya	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니까 mureotseumnikka
Hortative		물자 mulja	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	무십시다 musipsida
Imperative		물어라 mureora	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅시오 mupsio
Assertive		물겠다 mulgetda	물겠어 mulgesseo	물겠어요 mulgesseoyo	물겠습니다 mulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물어 mureo	물어서 mureoseo	무니 muni	무니까 munikka
Contrast		물지만 muljiman	무는데 muneunde	물더니 muldeoni
Conjunction		물고 mulgo
Condition		물면 mulmyeon	물어야 mureoya
Motive		물려고 mullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		묾 mum	물기 mulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물었음 mureosseum	물었기 mureotgi
Determiners	Past	문 mun
	Present	무는 muneun
	Future	물 mul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무신다 musinda	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니다 musimnida
Indicative	Past	무셨다 musyeotda	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니다 musyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무시느냐 musineunya	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니까 musimnikka
Interrogative	Past	무셨느냐 musyeonneunya	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니까 musyeotseumnikka
Imperative		무시라 musira	무셔 musyeo	무세요 museyo	무십시오 musipsio
Assertive		무시겠다 musigetda	무시겠어 musigesseo	무시겠어요 musigesseoyo	무시겠습니다 musigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무셔 musyeo	무셔서 musyeoseo	무시니 musini	무시니까 musinikka
Contrast		무시지만 musijiman	무시는데 musineunde	무시더니 musideoni
Conjunction		무시고 musigo
Condition		무시면 musimyeon	무셔야 musyeoya
Motive		무시려고 musiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무심 musim	무시기 musigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무셨음 musyeosseum	무셨기 musyeotgi
Determiners	Past	무신 musin
	Present	무시는 musineun
	Future	무실 musil

Derived terms

물어내다 (mureonaeda)
물어넣다 (mureoneota)

Etymology 3

Of native Korean origin.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈmu(ː)ɭda̠]
Phonetic hangul: [물(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	mulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	mulda
McCune–Reischauer^?	mulda
Yale Romanization^?	mūlta

Verb

물다 • (mulda) (infinitive 물어, sequential 무니) (intransitive)

to spoil from heat or humidity

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 물다 (mulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	문다 munda	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니다 mumnida
Indicative	Past	물었다 mureotda	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니다 mureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무느냐 muneunya	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅니까 mumnikka
Interrogative	Past	물었느냐 mureonneunya	물었어 mureosseo	물었어요 mureosseoyo	물었습니까 mureotseumnikka
Hortative		물자 mulja	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	무십시다 musipsida
Imperative		물어라 mureora	물어 mureo	물어요 mureoyo	뭅시오 mupsio
Assertive		물겠다 mulgetda	물겠어 mulgesseo	물겠어요 mulgesseoyo	물겠습니다 mulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		물어 mureo	물어서 mureoseo	무니 muni	무니까 munikka
Contrast		물지만 muljiman	무는데 muneunde	물더니 muldeoni
Conjunction		물고 mulgo
Condition		물면 mulmyeon	물어야 mureoya
Motive		물려고 mullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		묾 mum	물기 mulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		물었음 mureosseum	물었기 mureotgi
Determiners	Past	문 mun
	Present	무는 muneun
	Future	물 mul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무신다 musinda	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니다 musimnida
Indicative	Past	무셨다 musyeotda	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니다 musyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무시느냐 musineunya	무셔 musyeo	무세요, 무셔요 museyo, musyeoyo	무십니까 musimnikka
Interrogative	Past	무셨느냐 musyeonneunya	무셨어 musyeosseo	무셨어요 musyeosseoyo	무셨습니까 musyeotseumnikka
Imperative		무시라 musira	무셔 musyeo	무세요 museyo	무십시오 musipsio
Assertive		무시겠다 musigetda	무시겠어 musigesseo	무시겠어요 musigesseoyo	무시겠습니다 musigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무셔 musyeo	무셔서 musyeoseo	무시니 musini	무시니까 musinikka
Contrast		무시지만 musijiman	무시는데 musineunde	무시더니 musideoni
Conjunction		무시고 musigo
Condition		무시면 musimyeon	무셔야 musyeoya
Motive		무시려고 musiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무심 musim	무시기 musigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무셨음 musyeosseum	무셨기 musyeotgi
Determiners	Past	무신 musin
	Present	무시는 musineun
	Future	무실 musil

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