누다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 누다〮 (Yale: nwù-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nuda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [누다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | nuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | nuda |
| Yale Romanization? | nwuta |
Verb
| Base | 누다 (nuda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 누이다 (nu'ida) |
누다 • (nuda) (infinitive 누어 or 눠, sequential 누니)
Usage notes
- Less colloquial than 싸다 (ssada).
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 누다 (nuda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 눈다 nunda |
누어 nueo |
누어요, 눠요 nueoyo, nwoyo |
눕니다 numnida |
| Past | 누었다 nueotda |
누었어 nueosseo |
누었어요 nueosseoyo |
누었습니다 nueotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 누느냐 nuneunya |
누어 nueo |
누어요, 눠요 nueoyo, nwoyo |
눕니까 numnikka |
| Past | 누었느냐 nueonneunya |
누었어 nueosseo |
누었어요 nueosseoyo |
누었습니까 nueotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 누자 nuja | 누어 nueo | 누어요, 눠요 nueoyo, nwoyo | 누십시다 nusipsida | |
| Imperative | 누어라, 눠라 nueora, nwora | 누어 nueo | 누어요, 눠요 nueoyo, nwoyo | 눕시오 nupsio | |
| Assertive | 누겠다 nugetda | 누겠어 nugesseo | 누겠어요 nugesseoyo | 누겠습니다 nugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 누어 nueo | 누어서, 눠서 nueoseo, nwoseo | 누니 nuni | 누니까 nunikka | |
| Contrast | 누지만 nujiman | 누는데 nuneunde | 누더니 nudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 누고 nugo | ||||
| Condition | 누면 numyeon | 누어야, 눠야 nueoya, nwoya | |||
| Motive | 누려고 nuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 눔 num | 누기 nugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 누었음, 눴음 nueosseum, nwosseum | 누었기, 눴기 nueotgi, nwotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 눈 nun | |||
| Present | 누는 nuneun | ||||
| Future | 눌 nul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 누신다 nusinda |
누셔 nusyeo |
누세요, 누셔요 nuseyo, nusyeoyo |
누십니다 nusimnida |
| Past | 누셨다 nusyeotda |
누셨어 nusyeosseo |
누셨어요 nusyeosseoyo |
누셨습니다 nusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 누시느냐 nusineunya |
누셔 nusyeo |
누세요, 누셔요 nuseyo, nusyeoyo |
누십니까 nusimnikka |
| Past | 누셨느냐 nusyeonneunya |
누셨어 nusyeosseo |
누셨어요 nusyeosseoyo |
누셨습니까 nusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 누시라 nusira | 누셔 nusyeo | 누세요 nuseyo | 누십시오 nusipsio | |
| Assertive | 누시겠다 nusigetda | 누시겠어 nusigesseo | 누시겠어요 nusigesseoyo | 누시겠습니다 nusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 누셔 nusyeo | 누셔서 nusyeoseo | 누시니 nusini | 누시니까 nusinikka | |
| Contrast | 누시지만 nusijiman | 누시는데 nusineunde | 누시더니 nusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 누시고 nusigo | ||||
| Condition | 누시면 nusimyeon | 누셔야 nusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 누시려고 nusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 누심 nusim | 누시기 nusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 누셨음 nusyeosseum | 누셨기 nusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 누신 nusin | |||
| Present | 누시는 nusineun | ||||
| Future | 누실 nusil | ||||
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