굴리다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 그우리〮다〮 (Yale: kùwùlí-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈku(ː)ʎʎida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [굴(ː)리다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gullida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gullida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kullida |
| Yale Romanization? | kwūllita |
Verb
| Base | 구르다 (gureuda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 굴리다 (gullida) |
굴리다 • (gullida) (infinitive 굴려 or 굴리어, sequential 굴리니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 굴리다 (gullida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굴린다 gullinda |
굴려 gullyeo |
굴려요, 굴리어요 gullyeoyo, gullieoyo |
굴립니다 gullimnida |
| Past | 굴렸다 gullyeotda |
굴렸어 gullyeosseo |
굴렸어요 gullyeosseoyo |
굴렸습니다 gullyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굴리느냐 gullineunya |
굴려 gullyeo |
굴려요, 굴리어요 gullyeoyo, gullieoyo |
굴립니까 gullimnikka |
| Past | 굴렸느냐 gullyeonneunya |
굴렸어 gullyeosseo |
굴렸어요 gullyeosseoyo |
굴렸습니까 gullyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 굴리자 gullija | 굴려 gullyeo | 굴려요, 굴리어요 gullyeoyo, gullieoyo | 굴리십시다 gullisipsida | |
| Imperative | 굴려라, 굴리어라 gullyeora, gullieora | 굴려 gullyeo | 굴려요, 굴리어요 gullyeoyo, gullieoyo | 굴립시오 gullipsio | |
| Assertive | 굴리겠다 gulligetda | 굴리겠어 gulligesseo | 굴리겠어요 gulligesseoyo | 굴리겠습니다 gulligetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굴려 gullyeo | 굴려서, 굴리어서 gullyeoseo, gullieoseo | 굴리니 gullini | 굴리니까 gullinikka | |
| Contrast | 굴리지만 gullijiman | 굴리는데 gullineunde | 굴리더니 gullideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 굴리고 gulligo | ||||
| Condition | 굴리면 gullimyeon | 굴려야, 굴리어야 gullyeoya, gullieoya | |||
| Motive | 굴리려고 gulliryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굴림 gullim | 굴리기 gulligi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굴렸음, 굴리었음 gullyeosseum, gullieosseum | 굴렸기, 굴리었기 gullyeotgi, gullieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 굴린 gullin | |||
| Present | 굴리는 gullineun | ||||
| Future | 굴릴 gullil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굴리신다 gullisinda |
굴리셔 gullisyeo |
굴리세요, 굴리셔요 gulliseyo, gullisyeoyo |
굴리십니다 gullisimnida |
| Past | 굴리셨다 gullisyeotda |
굴리셨어 gullisyeosseo |
굴리셨어요 gullisyeosseoyo |
굴리셨습니다 gullisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굴리시느냐 gullisineunya |
굴리셔 gullisyeo |
굴리세요, 굴리셔요 gulliseyo, gullisyeoyo |
굴리십니까 gullisimnikka |
| Past | 굴리셨느냐 gullisyeonneunya |
굴리셨어 gullisyeosseo |
굴리셨어요 gullisyeosseoyo |
굴리셨습니까 gullisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 굴리시라 gullisira | 굴리셔 gullisyeo | 굴리세요 gulliseyo | 굴리십시오 gullisipsio | |
| Assertive | 굴리시겠다 gullisigetda | 굴리시겠어 gullisigesseo | 굴리시겠어요 gullisigesseoyo | 굴리시겠습니다 gullisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굴리셔 gullisyeo | 굴리셔서 gullisyeoseo | 굴리시니 gullisini | 굴리시니까 gullisinikka | |
| Contrast | 굴리시지만 gullisijiman | 굴리시는데 gullisineunde | 굴리시더니 gullisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 굴리시고 gullisigo | ||||
| Condition | 굴리시면 gullisimyeon | 굴리셔야 gullisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 굴리시려고 gullisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굴리심 gullisim | 굴리시기 gullisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굴리셨음 gullisyeosseum | 굴리셨기 gullisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 굴리신 gullisin | |||
| Present | 굴리시는 gullisineun | ||||
| Future | 굴리실 gullisil | ||||
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