가지다

Korean

Alternative forms

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 가지〮다〮 (Yale: kàcí-tá). Possibly borrowed from Manchu ᡤᠠᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (gajimbi, “to bring”).

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠d͡ʑida̠]
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [가지다]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gajida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gajida
McCune–Reischauer?kajida
Yale Romanization?kacita

Verb

가지다 • (gajida) (infinitive 가져 or 가지어, sequential 가지니)

  1. to have, to possess
    왜 세계지도를 가지고 있지?
    wae segyejido-reul gajigo itji?
    Why do you have a map of the world?
    Original English texts from 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
  2. to hold or bear a specific attitude or idea
  3. to bear or conceive a child
  4. to hold (organize (an event or meeting))
    모임을 가지다 ― moim-eul gajida ― to hold a meeting / gathering

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 가지다 (gajida): vowel-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 가진다
gajinda		 가져
gajeo		 가져요, 가지어요
gajeoyo, gajieoyo		 가집니다
gajimnida
Past 가졌다
gajeotda		 가졌어
gajeosseo		 가졌어요
gajeosseoyo		 가졌습니다
gajeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 가지느냐
gajineunya		 가져
gajeo		 가져요, 가지어요
gajeoyo, gajieoyo		 가집니까
gajimnikka
Past 가졌느냐
gajeonneunya		 가졌어
gajeosseo		 가졌어요
gajeosseoyo		 가졌습니까
gajeotseumnikka
Hortative 가지자
gajija		가져
gajeo		가져요, 가지어요
gajeoyo, gajieoyo		가지십시다
gajisipsida
Imperative 가져라, 가지어라
gajeora, gajieora		가져
gajeo		가져요, 가지어요
gajeoyo, gajieoyo		가집시오
gajipsio
Assertive 가지겠다
gajigetda		가지겠어
gajigesseo		가지겠어요
gajigesseoyo		가지겠습니다
gajigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 가져
gajeo		가져서, 가지어서
gajeoseo, gajieoseo		가지니
gajini		가지니까
gajinikka
Contrast 가지지만
gajijiman		가지는데
gajineunde		가지더니
gajideoni
Conjunction 가지고
gajigo
Condition 가지면
gajimyeon		가져야, 가지어야
gajeoya, gajieoya
Motive 가지려고
gajiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 가짐
gajim		가지기
gajigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 가졌음, 가지었음
gajeosseum, gajieosseum		가졌기, 가지었기
gajeotgi, gajieotgi
Determiners Past 가진
gajin
Present 가지는
gajineun
Future 가질
gajil
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 가지신다
gajisinda		 가지셔
gajisyeo		 가지세요, 가지셔요
gajiseyo, gajisyeoyo		 가지십니다
gajisimnida
Past 가지셨다
gajisyeotda		 가지셨어
gajisyeosseo		 가지셨어요
gajisyeosseoyo		 가지셨습니다
gajisyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 가지시느냐
gajisineunya		 가지셔
gajisyeo		 가지세요, 가지셔요
gajiseyo, gajisyeoyo		 가지십니까
gajisimnikka
Past 가지셨느냐
gajisyeonneunya		 가지셨어
gajisyeosseo		 가지셨어요
gajisyeosseoyo		 가지셨습니까
gajisyeotseumnikka
Imperative 가지시라
gajisira		가지셔
gajisyeo		가지세요
gajiseyo		가지십시오
gajisipsio
Assertive 가지시겠다
gajisigetda		가지시겠어
gajisigesseo		가지시겠어요
gajisigesseoyo		가지시겠습니다
gajisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 가지셔
gajisyeo		가지셔서
gajisyeoseo		가지시니
gajisini		가지시니까
gajisinikka
Contrast 가지시지만
gajisijiman		가지시는데
gajisineunde		가지시더니
gajisideoni
Conjunction 가지시고
gajisigo
Condition 가지시면
gajisimyeon		가지셔야
gajisyeoya
Motive 가지시려고
gajisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 가지심
gajisim		가지시기
gajisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 가지셨음
gajisyeosseum		가지셨기
gajisyeotgi
Determiners Past 가지신
gajisin
Present 가지시는
gajisineun
Future 가지실
gajisil

Derived terms

See also
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